2022年同等学力申硕《英语》试题（网友回忆版）

英语历年真题共 77 题 2791 次浏览更新于 2026-09-26

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一、Part Ⅰ

10 points

Section A
Directions: In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A, B and C, taken from the dialogue.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
Dialogue One
A.Did you wash your teeth after eating chocolate last night?
B.What’s the matter?
C.I will remember from this time on.
Jim: Mom, I don’t feel well.Could you call the teacher and ask for leave for me?
Mom: (1) _____
Jim: My teeth ache.It’s painful!
Mom: (2) _____
Jim: Emm...No.
Mom: Well, everything happens for a reason.It pays back now.You have to learn a good lesson this time.How many times I have told you the importance of oral hygiene.
Jim: Mom, (3) _____ I swear!
Mom: Hope so.I will call the teacher, but this is the last time, OK? Get up and wash your teeth right now, and it can relieve your pain.If you still feel painful at noon, remember to call me and I will take you to your dentist.

_____.

A.Did you wash your teeth after eating chocolate last night?
B.What’s the matter?
C.I will remember from this time on.

_____.

A.Did you wash your teeth after eating chocolate last night?
B.What’s the matter?
C.I will remember from this time on.

_____.

A.Did you wash your teeth after eating chocolate last night?
B.What’s the matter?
C.I will remember from this time on.

Dialogue Two
A.What’s your major anyway?
B.Well, what do you want to do after graduation?
C.Uh, so how have you been?
Maria: Oh, hi Dave.Long time no see!
Dave: Hi Maria.I was in the neighborhood, so I thought I’d drop by.
Maria: Come in.Have a seat.Would you like something to drink? I have Sprite and orange juice.
Dave: Sprite would be fine.(4) _____
Maria: Oh, not bad.And you?
Dave: Oh, I’m doing OK, but school has been really hectic these days, and I haven’t had time to relax.
Maria: (5) _____
Dave: Hotel management.
Maria: (6) _____
Dave: Uh...I haven’t decided for sure, but I think I’d like to work for a hotel or travel agency in this area.How about you?
Maria: Well, when I first started college, I wanted to major in French, but then I realized I might have a hard time finding a job, so I changed to computer science.With the right skills, landing a job in the computer industry shouldn’t be as difficult.
Dave: So, do you have a part-time job to support yourself through school?
Maria: Well, fortunately, I received a four-year academic scholarship that pays for all my tuition and books.
Dave: Wow, that’s great.
Maria: Yeah.

_____.

A.What’s your major anyway?
B.Well, what do you want to do after graduation?
C.Uh, so how have you been?

_____.

A.What’s your major anyway?
B.Well, what do you want to do after graduation?
C.Uh, so how have you been?

_____.

A.What’s your major anyway?
B.Well, what do you want to do after graduation?
C.Uh, so how have you been?

Section B
Directions: In this section there is one incomplete dialogue which has four blanks and four choices A, B, C and D, taken from the dialogue.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.
A.And how about website authoring skills?
B.I’m afraid I’ve never used those CGI things.
C.I play them everyday!
D.First of all, tell me about your last job.
Man: Okay, Mr.Taylor, let’s go ahead and begin.(7) _____
Mr.Taylor: Well, as started on my resume, I worked for five years at Hi Tech Computers.
Man: Okay.Hi Tech.And what do you know about computer networks and operating systems including DOS, Windows, Macintosh OS, and UNIX?
Mr.Taylor: Umm ...well...I did come in contact with computers every night at my last job.
Man: Hum! (8) _____ We are looking for someone to create and manage our company’s web site which would include the development, configuration, and use of CGI scripts.
Mr.Taylor: Umm...uh, web page, web page.Huh...I don’t think I’ve read that book, and (9) _____
Man: Huh?! And what about experience with Javor or JavaScript?
Mr.Taylor: Well...I think I’ve tried Java at a foreign coffee shop one time, if that’s what you mean.
Man: Okay, Mr.Taylor, I think I have ALL the information I need!
Mr.Taylor: Oh, and I really like computer games.(10) _____
Man: Right, right.Thanks Mr.Taylor.We’ll be in touch.

_____.

A.And how about website authoring skills?
B.I’m afraid I’ve never used those CGI things.
C.I play them everyday!
D.First of all, tell me about your last job.

_____.

A.And how about website authoring skills?
B.I’m afraid I’ve never used those CGI things.
C.I play them everyday!
D.First of all, tell me about your last job.

_____.

A.And how about website authoring skills?
B.I’m afraid I’ve never used those CGI things.
C.I play them everyday!
D.First of all, tell me about your last job.

_____.

A.And how about website authoring skills?
B.I’m afraid I’ve never used those CGI things.
C.I play them everyday!
D.First of all, tell me about your last job.

二、Part Ⅱ

10 points

Many people are living in temporary homes after days of intense rain that caused substantial damage in the country.

A.numerous
B.heavy
C.fearful
D.sufficient

It is believed that shielding children from all kinds of obstacles in the name of love does little for their future success in life.

A.removing
B.shadowing
C.sheltering
D.covering

To live every day to the full is a recipe for happiness.

A.secret
B.menu
C.purpose
D.pursuit

One reason for learning a foreign language is that it provides a lens through which to view cultural differences.

A.camera
B.pattern
C.concept
D.perspective

The city has been virtually paralyzed by sudden snowstorms.

A.nearly
B.quickly
C.undoubtedly
D.completely

Being late for the seminar, she found it really difficult to catch up with the subjects which had already been discussed.

A.follow
B.discuss
C.support
D.determine

The Olympic Games attempt to transcend national interests and bring together best international athletes for a shared future.

A.expand
B.exceed
C.regain
D.retain

She went along the sunny hills at a leisurely pace as there was ample time for her idle expedition.

A.brief
B.extra
C.flexible
D.enough

What measures need to be taken to curb greenhouse gas emissions?

A.monitor
B.evaluate
C.control
D.eliminate

He has taken out a half-page advertisement in his local paper to put across his point.

A.repeat
B.prove
C.stress
D.explain

三、Part Ⅲ

25 points

Section A
Directions: In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D.Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
Passage One
Does your mouth water when you think of biscuits, cakes and French fries? Many people prefer junk food like these to healthy food because they develop a taste for it.Processed, baked, and fried foods often contain a high amount of trans fats.
Trans fats raise bad cholesterol (胆固醇) and lower the good cholesterol that your body needs.Fatty foods do more than cause obesity.Trans fats build up in the body and block blood flow to the heart.People whose diet contains a high percentage of trans fats are at risk of developing heart disease or having a stroke.
Food companies and restaurants choose to use trans fat oils because they’re cheap and make food last longer.They also improve the taste and texture of food.Trans fats became very popular in the second half of the 20th century.This is around the time when butter got a bad name for its cholesterol levels.People were told to use margarine (人造黄油) containing trans fats instead because it was “healthier”, but we now know that butter is actually the healthier option.
Today doctors know how dangerous processed foods like margarine can be.In countries such as the US and Canada there are new government restrictions on food production.Food and beverage makers must attach a Nutrition Fact label to their products.These list daily recommendations and detail all the ingredients in a product, trans fats if they’re used.In 2007 New York City banned trans fats from all restaurants.Even fast food chains such as McDonalds are being forced to change their recipes as people become more health-conscious.In Europe, food manufacturers have started using labels that clearly show how healthy each product is according to a simple rating system.
We all need some fat in our diet.There are three different types of fats: saturated fats, trans fats, and unsaturated fats.Doctors recommend that we get most of our fatty calories from unsaturated fats.Neither butter’ nor margarine fit in this category, though there are some spreads that contain zero trans fats.Labels are a good way to avoid eating fatty foods that are dangerous for your health.Another way is to avoid eating out.When shopping for groceries, buy the majority of your goods in the fresh food aisles.

Trans fats may do the following to the body EXCEPT _____.

A.putting on weight
B.raising good cholesterol
C.causing heart attack
D.blocking blood vessels

Butter was once not popular because people believed _____.

A.it wasn’t worth the price
B.it didn’t make food last long
C.it had high cholesterol level
D.it affected the taste of food

It is not likely to see food with trans fats at restaurants in _____.

A.America
B.Canada
C.Europe
D.New York City

To cater to health-conscious customers, European food manufacturers _____.

A.recommend daily intake of nutrients
B.have abandoned the use of trans fat oils
C.rate the nutrition level of each product
D.have adjusted the ingredients in the food

To eat healthily, people are advised to _____.

A.pay attention to the ingredients
B.avoid foods containing fats
C.buy processed and packaged food
D.choose margarine instead of butter

参考答案 A

解析：文章第四段提到，食品和饮料制造商必须在他们的产品上贴上营养成分标签，而且在欧洲食品制造商也开始使用标签，需要标注健康评级，说明我们需要注意产品的配料。A选项正确。文章最后一段第一句提到“We all need some fat in our diet.”，我们的食物中需要脂肪，B选项表述与之相悖。最后一段提到“When shopping for groceries, buy the majority of your goods in the fresh food aisles.”，建议购买生鲜食品，C选项“购买加工和包装的食物”不正确。第三段最后提到“...but we now know that butter is actually the healthier option.”，说明黄油比人造黄油更健康，D选项表述错误。
【全文翻译】
　　当你想到饼干、蛋糕和薯条时，你会流口水吗？许多人更喜欢这些垃圾食品而不是健康食品，因为他们喜欢吃垃圾食品。加工、烘焙和油炸食品通常含有大量的反式脂肪。
　　反式脂肪会增加有害胆固醇，降低身体所需的有益胆固醇。高脂肪食物不仅会导致肥胖。反式脂肪在体内积聚，会阻碍血液流向心脏。饮食中含有高比例反式脂肪的人有患心脏病或中风的风险。
　　食品公司和餐馆选择使用反式脂肪油，因为它们便宜，能增加食物保鲜时长。它们还能改善食物的味道和质地。反式脂肪在20世纪下半叶变得非常流行。大约在这个时候，黄油因其胆固醇水平而声名狼藉。人们得知要使用含有反式脂肪的人造黄油，因为它“更健康”，但我们现在知道黄油实际上是更健康的选择。
　　今天医生知道像人造黄油这样的加工食品有多危险。在美国和加拿大等国家，政府对粮食生产有新的限制。食品和饮料制造商必须在他们的产品上贴上营养成分标签。这些清单列出了每天的建议，并详细列出了产品中所有的成分，如果使用了反式脂肪也要注明。2007年，纽约市禁止所有餐馆提供反式脂肪。随着人们越来越注重健康，就连麦当劳这样的快餐连锁店也被迫改变食谱。在欧洲，食品制造商已经开始使用标签，根据简单的评级系统清楚地显示每种产品的健康程度。
　　我们的饮食中都需要一些脂肪。有三种不同类型的脂肪:饱和脂肪、反式脂肪和不饱和脂肪。医生建议我们从不饱和脂肪中获取大部分脂肪热量。黄油和人造黄油都不属于这一类，不过有一些酱油不含反式脂肪。标签是避免食用对健康有害的高脂肪食物的好方法。另一种方法是避免外出就餐。购买食品杂货时，大部分商品都要在生鲜食品区购买。

Passage Two
When you’re a teenager with little life experience, it’s easy to build your entire life around what other people think.It can feel normal to let your friends’ idea of what’s cool dictate the clothes you wear, how you behave yourself, and even the music you like.While this pressure is sometimes internal, teenagers are known for making each other feel ashamed if they don’t conform to social norms.And as we all know, young adults can be absolutely brutal in how they treat each other not only those who are different, but even those who try really hard to fit in.
Sadly, adulthood isn’t always a whole lot better in this respect.Not only will you experience pressure to look your best, but you’ll be forced to either keep up with or ignore the Joneses all throughout adulthood.That’s right.Even adulthood has its groups of cool kids, rich kids, outsiders, and rebels.And sometimes, the way someone else spends their money can make you feel like you should be doing the same thing, too.After all, most people still want to fit in; it doesn’t matter whether they’re 15 or 50.
But, should you give in to peer pressure and waste your hard-earned dollars? The opportunities to spend money as an adult are nearly limitless, but they will drain your bank account if you give in every time.And at the end of the day, keeping up with your friends as an adult is just as pointless as it was in high school.
Adulthood is a journey, not a race.Those who collect the most material possessions don’t earn a prize—no ribbon, nothing.So, why does it feel like we need to compete? Because every commercial on television, online, and the radio is aimed at getting us to spend our money.Every ad campaign on Earth was created to convince us that what we have is not enough, and that we need this item or that service—and that we’re depriving ourselves or our families if we don’t buy it.
Don’t believe the hype (大肆宣传).You have nothing to prove, and you’ll be a lot better off if you ignore the commercials, your friends, and do what is best for you.

What does the author say about teenagers?

A.They try to gain more life experience.
B.They are easily influenced by others.
C.They prefer to live their own way.
D.They show others that they’re mature.

How may young adults treat each other, according to the passage?

A.They may support each other in the face of challenges.
B.They may ignore those who don’t join their groups.
C.They may fight with each other for opportunities.
D.They may be cruel to those who are different.

It is stated in the passage that most adults _____.

A.lead a better life than before
B.ignore the fashion trends
C.still suffer from peer pressure
D.live in constant fear of competition

Why do adults compete for more material possessions?

A.Spending money brings them pleasure.
B.Material wealth reflects their social status.
C.Commercials encourage their consumption.
D.Competition brings out the best in them.

What is the author’s attitude towards commercials?

A.Negative.
B.Positive.
C.Neutral.
D.Objective.

参考答案 A

解析：文章最后一段作者提到，不要相信炒作，如果忽略商业广告和朋友，做对自己最好的事情，你会过得更好，由此可知作者对广告持有不支持、不赞成的态度。因此A选项正确。B选项“支持的”、C选项“中立的”、D选项“客观的”与本文作者态度不符。
【全文翻译】
　　当你是一个没有什么生活经验的青少年时，很容易把自己的整个生活都建立在别人的想法上。以朋友对酷的看法为准，来决定你的穿着、行为，甚至你喜欢的音乐，这很常见。虽然这种压力有时是内在的，但众所周知，如果青少年不遵守社会规范，他们会让彼此感到羞愧。我们都知道，年轻人对待彼此的方式是绝对残酷的。不仅是对待那些不同的人，甚至是那些非常努力想融入的人。
　　可悲的是，在这方面，成年之后的情况也并非更好。在整个成年期，你不仅会经历让自己看起来最好的压力，而且还会被迫要么跟上别人、要么忽视别人。事实的确如此。即使是成年期，也有酷孩子、富二代、局外人和叛逆者。有时候，别人花钱的方式会让你觉得你也应该做同样的事情。毕竟，大多数人还是想融入社会，这与他们是15岁还是50岁无关。
　　但是，你应该屈服于同伴的压力，浪费你辛苦赚来的钱吗？作为一个成年人，花钱的机会几乎是无限的，但如果你每次都屈服，就会耗尽你的银行账户。最终，和你的朋友保持联系就像在高中一样毫无意义。
　　成年是一段旅程，而不是一场赛跑。那些收集最多物质财富的人得不到奖励——没有功勋带，什么也得不到。那么，为什么我们感觉需要竞争呢？因为电视、网络和广播上的每一个广告都是为了让我们花钱。地球上的每一个广告活动都是为了说服我们，我们所拥有的还不够，我们需要这种物品或那种服务。如果我们不买这些东西，我们就是在剥夺自己或家人的权利。
　　不要相信炒作。你不需要证明什么，如果你忽略商业广告和你的朋友，做对你最好的事情，你会过得更好。

Passage Three
Psychology studies reveal that most people taking exercise will choose their preferred sport based on their personality.If someone is introverted (内向的), patient or calm, they will most likely choose tennis, golf, or a sport where they can practice and play on their own.By contrast, those individuals who are outspoken, competitive or aggressive, will prefer contact sports or team sports.
Since a very early age, children are often seen experimenting with different types of sports—soccer, basketball, baseball, swimming, tennis, etc.—until they decide to keep practicing the sport at which they are more skillful and with which they feel more comfortable.They have the character and motivation to train, practice, and even compete in this sport.Here there is a direct relationship between the individual personality and the nature of the sport of their choosing.
Interestingly, participating in a specific type of sport might also have some influence on an individual’s personality.For example, we have recently seen a dramatic increase in obesity among teenagers, and adults in the US.This might be caused by a vast array of personal, professional, cultural, or even health problems or conditions.However, it is up to the individual to choose a much healthier regime and therefore, embark on developing a series of new personality traits, which will help him or her lose weight and become a healthier individual.
A few decades ago, a sixty-year-old individual might have been considered a very old, fragile, and even a sick person with just a few more years to live a somewhat good, conservative life.Nowadays, we have seen a dramatic change in this perception.More than ever, we are looking at healthier stronger, and very motivated sixty, seventy, and even eighty-year-old individuals.No doubt sports have helped shape this new personality and approach adopted by the senior population.Exercise and sports most certainly bring a new meaning to their lives, particularly because they live and experience the benefits of exercising on a daily basis.Therefore, their personalities and psychological state are most likely completely different from that sixty-year-old senior stereotype a few decades ago.

What is the main topic of this passage?

A.How to choose the right sport
B.The nature of sports activities
C.Sport and the aging society
D.Personality and sport

Individuals will most likely choose a type of sport that _____.

A.makes them feel most comfortable
B.has fewer demands and requirements
C.can make the most of their potentials
D.enables them to compete with others

How do children practise sports at an early age according to the passage?

A.They keep practising a sport till they are skilled at it.
B.They engage in a sport that their parents choose for them.
C.They take up any sport without obvious difficulties.
D.They try different sports till they find one suitable for them.

The author mentions the increase in obesity among Americans to _____.

A.illustrate the effect of sports on personality
B.analyze the causes for this social problem
C.give some advice on a healthy lifestyle
D.highlight the importance of psychological traits

It is stated in the last paragraph that senior people _____.

A.are often associated with weakness and sickness
B.are living a more meaningful life than before
C.have some doubt about the value of sports
D.have seen the changes in their own personality

参考答案 D

解析：文章最后一段将几十年前的老人与现在的老人进行对比，强调运动帮助老年人塑造了这种新的个性和处事方式，他们的性格和心理状态很可能与几十年前那种60岁高龄的刻板印象完全不同。因此选择D选项。B、C选项文章中未提及，A选项是过去的老年人留给人们的印象。
【全文翻译】
　　心理学研究表明，大多数锻炼的人会根据自己的性格选择自己喜欢的运动。如果某人性格内向，有耐心或冷静，他们很可能会选择网球、高尔夫球或一项他们可以自己练习和比赛的运动。相比之下，那些直言不讳、好胜或好斗的人更喜欢有身体接触的运动或团队运动。
　　从很小的时候起，人们就经常看到孩子们尝试不同类型的运动——足球、篮球、棒球、游泳、网球等——直到他们决定继续练习他们更熟练、更舒服的运动。他们有性格和动力去训练、练习，甚至参加这项运动。在这一点上，个人个性与他们所选择的运动性质之间存在着直接的关系。
　　有趣的是，参加一种特定类型的运动也可能对一个人的性格产生一些影响。例如，我们最近看到美国青少年和成年人的肥胖人数急剧增加。这可能是由大量的个人、职业、文化甚至健康问题或状况引起的。然而，这取决于个人是否选择一个更健康的养生法，由此，发展出一系列新的性格特征，这将帮助他或她减肥，成为一个更健康的人。
　　几十年前，一个60岁的人可能会被认为是一个非常年老、脆弱，甚至是生病的人，只有几年的时间来过一种不错的、守旧的生活。如今，我们看到这种观念发生了巨大变化。我们比以往任何时候都更关注60岁、70岁甚至80岁的人，他们更健康、更强壮、更有动力。毫无疑问，运动帮助老年人塑造了这种新的个性和处事方式。锻炼和运动无疑会给他们的生活带来新的意义，尤其是因为他们每天都在锻炼，并从中受益。因此，他们的性格和心理状态很可能与几十年前那种60岁高龄的刻板印象完全不同。

Passage Four
It is hard to imagine humans spending their lives in virtual reality (VR) when the experience amounts to waving your arms about in the middle of the lounge with a device strapped to your face.But this is where humanity is heading.
Chalmers, an Australian professor of philosophy and neural science at New York University, makes the case to embrace VR in his new book, Reality+.Renowned for explaining “the hard problem” of consciousness, Chalmers sees technology reaching the point where virtual and physical are sensorily the same and people live good lives in VR.
In the decades ahead, Chalmers suspects we will replace the clunky headsets with brain computer interfaces that allow us to experience virtual worlds with our full suite of senses.With advances in computing—in the next century, perhaps—those worlds would seem as real as the physical world around us.
“A common way of thinking about virtual realities is that they’re somehow fake abilities.I think that’s wrong,” he explained.“The virtual worlds we’re interacting with can be as real as our ordinary physical world.”
On the point of philosophy, Chalmers argues that even today’s virtual worlds are real.A conversation in VR is a real conversation.The objects in the virtual world too, just made of bits instead of electrons.“Most of the factors that make life meaningful are going to be there in virtual worlds,” he says.
But there are plenty of risks to be cautious of, he notes.As fulfilling as virtual worlds may become, people will need real food, drink and exercise, and perhaps even the glimpse of daylight, to keep their bodies from fading away.The risks may be trivial for decades yet, but a gradual trend towards virtual living could eventually raise new health issues.These are not the only health hazards.Some people have raised serious concerns about the risk of psychological damage: if we are better looking and have better clothes and a nicer home in the meta verse (元宇宙), how we feel when we leave?
The lure of VR might also cause neglect on a global scale, Chalmers concedes.Would climate change and other crises facing the physical world lose their urgency? That would be a disaster, he says, “Physical reality is reality important.We’ve got to keep a grounding in it and treat it well.”

Why does the author mention “device strapped to your face” in Paragraph 1?

A.To introduce the latest advance in virtual technology.
B.To describe a novel approach to pursuing virtual reality.
C.To emphasize a physical barrier to enjoying virtual reality.
D.demonstrate the necessity of wearing a virtual device.

Acting to Chalmers, virtual reality _____.

A.is fake reality
B.is genuine reality
C.derives from physical reality
D.has various definitions

Which of the following is a source of psychological damage?

A.Lack of physical exercise due to virtual living.
B.The gap between the physical and virtual worlds.
C.Inadequate contact with friends in the physical world.
D.Not enough exposure to sunlight in the physical world.

What impact might VR have on fighting global warming?

A.It might speed up global warming.
B.It might offer an alternative solution.
C.It might encourage people to solve it.
D.It might distract people from the issue.

What is the main idea of the passage?

A.VR creates another world, but with potential problems.
B.The future of VR is unfolding and quite promising.
C.VR will replace physical reality in the decades to come.
D.People’s view of VR evolves with the passage of time.

参考答案 A

解析：通读全文可知，文章中作者借助查尔默斯的观点，对虚拟现实和真实的物理世界进行对比，指出虚拟现实发展的趋势，同时也阐述了可能带来的各种问题。因此选择A选项。B选项只提到了虚拟现实的发展前景，没有指出问题，不如A选项概括全面。C、D选项文章中未体现。
【全文翻译】
　　很难想象人类在虚拟现实(VR)中度过他们的一生，因为这种体验相当于只是把设备绑在脸上，在休息室中挥舞手臂。但这正是人类前进的方向。
　　查尔默斯是纽约大学哲学和神经科学的澳大利亚教授，他在他的新书《现实+》中阐述了接受虚拟现实的理由。查尔默斯以解释意识的“难题”而闻名，他认为技术将达到这样的高度：在感官上虚拟和物理世界相同，人们在虚拟现实中过着美好的生活。
　　在未来的几十年里，查尔默斯认为我们将用电脑界面来取代笨重的头戴式耳机，这样我们就可以用我们所有的感官来体验虚拟世界。随着计算机技术的进步，也许在下个世纪，这些世界将和我们周围的物理世界一样真实。
“人们通常认为虚拟现实是一种虚假的能力。我认为这是错误的，”他解释道。“与我们互动的虚拟世界可以像我们普通的物理世界一样真实。”
　　在哲学观点上，查尔默斯认为，即使是今天的虚拟世界也是真实的。虚拟现实中的对话是真实的对话，虚拟世界中的物体也是如此，只是由比特而不是电子组成。他说：“虚拟世界中存在的大部分因素都是有益的。”
　　但他指出，有很多风险需要谨慎对待。尽管虚拟世界可能会让人感到满足，但人们将会需要真正的食物、饮料和锻炼，甚至可能需要瞥见日光，来防止他们身体的衰退。在未来几十年里，这些风险可能微不足道，但逐渐走向虚拟生活的趋势最终可能会引发新的健康问题。这些还不是唯一的健康危害。一些人对心理伤害的风险提出了严重的担忧:如果我们在元宇宙中有更好的外貌、更好的衣服和更好的家，当我们离开时我们会有什么感觉？
　　查尔默斯承认，虚拟现实的诱惑也可能导致全球范围内的忽视。气候变化和物质世界面临的其他危机会失去紧迫性吗？那将是一场灾难，他说，“物理现实很重要。我们必须保持根基，并善待它。”

Section B
Directions: In this section, you are required to read one quoted blog and the comments on it.The blog and comments are followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A,B, C and D.Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.
Like a lot of people, for many years I said yes to things I didn’t want to do.This was a combination of conditioning—vague fear of missing out and basic conflict avoidance.It seemed to me there was no easy way to turn things down without causing offence.All we had, growing up, was the saying “Just say no”—a slogan so useless that it became a universally recognized and decades-long joke.
A lot has changed since then.In the past 10 years, a language has developed, mainly from social justice and feminist movements, to describe the states of discomfort and the right we have to resist them.
My favourite, and by far the most useful, of the new phrase is “I’m not comfortable with that.” It can get you out of almost anything.My other favourite word is “boundaries”.One can ditch disagreeable people these days via use of the word “boundaries” while escaping any feelings of guilt.Another one, “emotional labour”, was coined in the 1980s to describe service industry jobs that required the faking of a cheerful behavior to satisfy customers.This involvessuppressing emotions, such as anger or sadness, which is bound to take a toll on you and could even lead to burnout.It doesn’t mean that now.You can bolt that phrase on to almost any situation, conversation or obligation you’d rather not be involved in.
Being able to politely back out of something without tying yourself in knots is useful, particularly for women socialized to comply (遵从).
Comment 1:
Saying “yes” to everything is a trait in most women.For me it is a sign of female maturity to learn to say no.
Comment 2:
For a longtime now, I have used a polite “no” when being asked to do things I don’t want to.
Comment 3:
More to do with age than anything else.Men suffer it too, saying yes too much.You do wise up as you get older.
Comment 4:
All life involving other people is a compromise.You can pleasantly use the expression “I’m not comfortable with that” in solitudes, but among others, who have their own desires, needs and conviction, it becomes a self-detesting exercise.
Comment 5:
What a lot of men still seem unable to understand is that women learn at very young age to be carers, while men are largish to prioritize themselves.

What does the author think of the advice “Just say no”?

A.Aggressive but effective.
B.Useful but impolite.
C.Confusing and improper.
D.Impractical and unhelpful.

Which of the following is true about “emotional labour”?

A.It is a trick for performing a task.
B.The person in power often bears its burden.
C.Constant emotional labour can be exhausting.

What does the phrase “tying yourself in knots”(Para.4) mean?

A.Becoming upset.
B.Offending others.
C.Losing control.
D.Acting strangely.

Which comment disagrees with the author’s choice of new phrases?

A.Comment 2.
B.Comment 3.
C.Comment 4.
D.Comment 5.

Which comments agree with the author on the female tendency to comply?

A.Comment 1 and Comment 3.
B.Comment 2 and Comment 4.
C.Comment 1 and Comment 5.
D.Comment 4 and Comment 5.

参考答案 C

解析：题目要求找到关于女性顺从倾向的评论。评论1提出“对任何事情都说‘是’是大多数女人的特点”，评论5提到“女性在很小的时候就学会了照顾别人”，这两句都说明了女性的顺从倾向。因此选择C选项。评论2和4都没有提到女性，评论3主要提到的是男性，并未提及女性。
【全文翻译】
　　像很多人一样，多年来，我对我不想做的事情都说“好的”。这是条件反射的结合，隐约害怕错失和基本的避免冲突。在我看来，似乎没有什么简单的方法可以在不冒犯别人的情况下拒绝一些事情。从小到大，我们所知道的只是“只需说不”这句话——这句话毫无意义，以至于成为了一个举世公认的、持续了几十年的笑话。
　　从那以后发生了很多变化。在过去的10年里，一种主要来自社会正义和女权运动的语言已经发展出来，用来描述不适的状态和我们必须抵制它们的权利。
　　我最喜欢的，也是迄今为止最有用的新短语是“我对此感到不舒服。”它几乎可以让你摆脱任何事情。我最喜欢的另一个词是“界限”。如今，人们可以通过使用“界限”这个词来避开不愉快的人，同时逃避任何内疚感。另一个词是“情绪劳动”，这个词诞生于20世纪80年代，用来描述服务业的工作，这些工作需要假装愉快的行为来满足客户。其中包括抑制情绪，比如愤怒或悲伤，这势必会对你造成伤害，甚至会导致精疲力竭。但现在不是这样了。你几乎可以把这句话用在任何你不想参与的场合、谈话或义务上。
　　能够礼貌地放弃某些事情而不让自己陷入困境是很有用的，尤其是对于习惯于顺从的女性来说。
　　评论1：
　　对任何事情都说“是”是大多数女人的特点。对我来说，学会说“不”是女性成熟的标志。
　　评论2：
　　很长一段时间以来，当别人要求我做我不想做的事情时，我都会礼貌地说“不”。
　　评论3：
　　跟年龄关系更大。男人也一样，总是说“好”。随着年龄的增长，你会变得更聪明。
　　评论4：
　　所有涉及他人的生活都是一种妥协。你可以在独处时愉快地说“我不舒服”，但在其他人中间，他们有自己的欲望、需求和信念，这就变成了一种自我厌恶的练习。
　　评论5：
　　许多男性似乎仍然无法理解的是，女性在很小的时候就学会了照顾别人，而男性则习惯于优先考虑自己。

四、Part Ⅳ

10 points

London on the Thames, yes; but London in the Sea? No, thank you! Yet this could happen before 2060, (46) _____ steps are taken quite quickly, to prevent it.
As a result of global warming, the sea level around the south east corner of England is (47) _____ to rise by 54cms in just half a century! And scientists now say that many parts of London will be at serious risk (48) _____ flooding by the sea within 50 years.
It’s not all of London that is in danger: just some parts to the east of the city.And they won’t be under water (49) _____: just when there are very high tides.
The low-lying suburbs beside the Thames in the East End of London are already (50) _____ from high tides by a massive barrier that stretches right across the river; but (51) _____ defences will be needed along the banks of the Thames to protect a larger area to the north of the river, and further east.
Of course, there have always been (52) _____ very high tides.A thousand years ago, there were big floods around London; and in 1953, before the Thames Barrier was built, over 300 people lost their lives in “the big flood”; but today the dangers are bigger.There are more (53) _____, more roads, more infrastructure.In the past, people did not build in places of flooding.Today, in southeast England, land is so expensive, that people build everywhere even in places that are liable to be flooded.
Scientists also say that climate change will (54) _____ warmer and drier summers in the south east of England.This will cause major changes in vegetation, and several species of native (55) _____ will not be able to survive.Wet in winter, hot in summer: will that be London in fifty years’ time?

_____.

A.besides
B.unless
C.in case
D.so that

_____.

A.extended
B.exposed
C.expected
D.examined

_____.

A.by
B.in
C.from
D.through

_____.

A.all the time
B.at the time
C.at times
D.from time to time

_____.

A.prohibited
B.protected
C.preserved
D.prevented

_____.

A.many
B.much
C.most
D.more

_____.

A.usual
B.occasional
C.regular
D.rare

_____.

A.person
B.humankind
C.individuals
D.people

_____.

A.lead to
B.suffer from
C.hold back
D.result from

_____.

A.life
B.lives
C.wildlife
D.wildlives

参考答案 C

解析：根据句意可知，此处表示的是野生动物。life生命。lives是life的复数形式。wildlife野生动植物。wildlife为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故选C。
【全文翻译】
　　泰晤士河上的伦敦，是的；但是海上的伦敦？不，谢谢你！然而，这可能会在2060年之前发生，除非迅速采取措施加以预防。
　　由于全球变暖，英格兰东南角附近的海平面预计将在短短半个世纪内上升54厘米！科学家们现在表示，伦敦的许多地区将在50年内面临严重的洪水风险。
　　并不是整个伦敦都处于危险之中：只是城市东边的一些地方。它们不会一直在水下：只是在涨潮的时候会被淹没。
　　伦敦东区泰晤士河旁边低洼的郊区已经修建了横跨泰晤士河的巨大屏障，以防止涨潮；但泰晤士河沿岸需要更多的防御工事来保护河流北部和更往东的更大区域。
　　当然，偶尔也会有比较涨潮较高的时候。一千年前，伦敦周围发生了大洪水；1953年，在泰晤士河堰坝建成之前，300多人在“大洪水”中丧生；但今天的危险更大。这里有更多的人，更多的道路，更多的基础设施。过去，人们不在洪水泛滥的地方建房。今天，在英格兰东南部，土地非常昂贵，人们到处建房，甚至在容易被洪水淹没的地方。
　　科学家们表示，气候变化将导致英格兰东南部的夏季更温暖、更干燥。这将导致植被发生重大变化，几种本地野生动物将无法生存。冬湿夏热：五十年后的伦敦会是这样吗？

五、Part Ⅴ

20 points

Text One
A.over-exploited
B.consume
C.multidisciplinary
Phrases:
A.It needs an international (56) _____ cooperation.
B.Cattle (57) _____ the plant, and turn it into protein.
C.In the 20th century men greedily (58) _____ natural resources, threatening the ecological balance.
A plant expects its seeds to be carried to a ground faraway by monkeys, birds or insects that come to eat its fruit.(59) _____ Then men eat the meat of the cattle and vegetables.The relationship among all those on earth is coexistence, mutual reliance, and they all share air, water and other common resources.(60) _____ As a result humans suffered from their own “mindless behaviors”.Analyses of environmental dangers usually go beyond the traditional boundaries of scientific disciplines.(61) _____ It needs specialists to investigate and come up with solutions of protection.

_____.

A.over-exploited
B.consume
C.multidisciplinary

_____.

A.over-exploited
B.consume
C.multidisciplinary

_____.

A.over-exploited
B.consume
C.multidisciplinary

_____.

A.over-exploited
B.consume
C.multidisciplinary

_____.

A.over-exploited
B.consume
C.multidisciplinary

_____.

A.over-exploited
B.consume
C.multidisciplinary

Text Two
A.tie
B.known
C.played
Phrases:
A.best (62) _____ for his nine symphonies
B.is still (63) _____ daily around the world
C.(64) _____ the whole piece together
Ludwig van Beethoven was born over 250 years ago, yet his music (65) _____.Even people who think they’ve never heard Beethoven’s music probably have.His melodies are often used in movies, TV shows, and even cartoons.Beethoven wrote many famous pieces of music, but he’s probably (66) _____.A symphony is a long, complicated piece of classical music, usually divided into four parts.The four parts are often linked by “themes”—repeated musical ideas that (67) _____.When Beethoven died in 1827, he had some ideas for a 10th Symphony, but never finished it.

_____.

A.tie
B.known
C.played

_____.

A.tie
B.known
C.played

_____.

A.tie
B.known
C.played

_____.

A.tie
B.known
C.played

_____.

A.tie
B.known
C.played

_____.

A.tie
B.known
C.played

Text Three
A.improve
B.useful
C.happen
D.predict
Phrases:
A.are most likely to (68) _____
B.will be (69) _____ to fire fighters
C.was to use AI to (70) _____ where forest fires might happen
D.has made “extraordinary efforts” to (71) _____ life
The Children’s Climate Prize was started by a Swedish company Telge Energi.It’s been given every year to a person between 12 and 17 who (72) _____ on the planet for children now and in the future.This year’s winner was 15-year-old Reshma Kosaraju.Her idea (73) _____.To build her deep learning model, she used weather information like temperature, humidity, wind speed, and how dry the soil is.She also looked at human behavior.Her model can predict where and when forest fires (74) _____, and it’s right about 90% of the time.Reshma hopes to turn her program into an app that (75) _____.She also hopes it will help people who live in areas where forest fires are likely.

_____.

A.improve
B.useful
C.happen
D.predict

_____.

A.improve
B.useful
C.happen
D.predict

_____.

A.improve
B.useful
C.happen
D.predict

_____.

A.improve
B.useful
C.happen
D.predict

_____.

A.improve
B.useful
C.happen
D.predict

_____.

A.improve
B.useful
C.happen
D.predict

_____.

A.improve
B.useful
C.happen
D.predict

_____.

A.improve
B.useful
C.happen
D.predict

六、Part Ⅵ

10 points

Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese.Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.
Creative thinking may feel like a superpower reserved only for a creative person.Thankfully, creative geniuses aren’t the only ones who can have innovative ideas.At its core, creative thinking is intentionally gaining new insights and different ideas through existing information.Often, creative thought involves tapping into different styles of thinking and examining information from different viewpoints to see new patterns.Anyone can develop a creative mind with some practice.Using a wide variety of brainstorming strategies can help you discover new solutions for issues in every area of your life.Learning different styles of thinking can help give birth to powerful idea generation.

七、Part Ⅶ

15 points

Directions: Write a composition in no less than 150 words on the topic: The advantages and disadvantages of the self-employed jobs.You could write according to the clues given below.Write your composition on the Answer Sheet.
1.Nowadays, with the development of the Internet and society, more and more people choose to be self-employed.
2.Your view on self-employed jobs is ...

参考答案详见解析

解析：【参考范文】
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Self-employed Jobs
(1) Nowadays, with the development of the Internet and society, more and more people choose to be self-employed.The growing working pressure also gives rise to this phoneme.From my perspectives, people should think about it seriousy, for every coin has two sides.
(2) On the one hand, self-employment have some advantages.People can decide their own working time and places according to their own life styles and habits, which will help increase working efficiency in turn.Also, people’s intelligence will be fully developed, and they will be more concentrated on the jobs if the profits are all earned for themselves.However, on the other hand, self-employment is still a high-risk working style, for there is no guarantee that they will earn enough to live comfortably.In addition, work can be quite difficult without sharing the workload by others.
(3) In conclusion, one should make adequate preparations before making the decision.What matters most is to find the proper way.
【审题构思】
　　本题要求围绕“自主创业的利弊”这一标题，写一篇不少于150词的文章。写作时，可以在首段引入主题，说明现状。第二段分点阐述自主创业的利与弊。第三段简单概括全文，强调自己的观点即可。
【行文点评】
　　（1）文章首段指出现象，随着科技的发展，以及工作压力增大，许多人选择自主创业。自主创业有利有弊。
　　（2）文章第二段主要论述了自主创业的利和弊。一方面，自主创业可以自由选择工作时间和场所，可以充分发挥自己的才智，也会全身心投入挣钱。另一方面，自主创业风险很高，而且没有同伴分担工作负担。
　　（3）最后总结全文，再次表明观点，根据自身情况做出合适的选择。

2022年同等学力申硕《英语》试题（网友回忆版）

一、Part Ⅰ

二、Part Ⅱ

三、Part Ⅲ

四、Part Ⅳ

五、Part Ⅴ

六、Part Ⅵ

七、Part Ⅶ

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