2018年全国英语竞赛《A类研究生》初赛试题及答案
A类研究生
历年真题
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更新于 2026-09-26
二、Part Ⅱ Vocabulary
15 marks
1
There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part.For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the answersheet with a single line through the center.
If a person talks about his weak points, his listener is expected to say something in the way of _____.
If a person talks about his weak points, his listener is expected to say something in the way of _____.
- A.assurance
- B.confirmation
- C.encouragement
- D.persuasion
2
In science fiction we read of flying saucers travelling through _____.
- A.space
- B.a space
- C.the space
- D.spaces
3
The chimney is no longer _____ volumes of waste gas into the atmosphere, as protective filters are being used.
- A.giving away
- B.giving in
- C.giving off
- D.giving up
4
Every university student should be encouraged to know _____ own potentialities and to weigh the chances of developing _____.
- A.his; it
- B.their; them
- C.their; it
- D./; them
5
The police accused him of setting fire to the building but he denied _____ in the area on the night of the fire.
- A.been
- B.to be
- C.to have been
- D.having been
6
_____ the calculation is right, scientists can never be sure that they have included all variables and modeled them accurately.
- A.Even if
- B.As far as
- C.If only
- D.So long as
7
“You’re very selfish.It’s high time you _____ that you aren’t the most important person in the world,” Geoff said to his boss angrily.
- A.realized
- B.have realized
- C.realize
- D.will realize
8
The most versatile _____ embryonic stem cells, which _____ found in the embryo at the earliest stage of development and grow into any part of the body.
- A.is; is
- B.are; are
- C.are; is
- D.is; are
9
Among the first to come and live in North America _____, who later prospered mainly in New England.
- A.have been Dutch settlers
- B.Dutch settlers were
- C.were Dutch settlers
- D.Dutch settlers had been
10
Other students had poorer exam results—he is by no means _____ in the class.
- A.better
- B.the best
- C.worse
- D.the worst
11
_____ the demand for fish and seafood increases, people wouldn’t need to rely on land animals for food.
- A.As
- B.For
- C.Although
- D.With
12
This new building in Shanghai is different _____ each of its stories is complete in itself.
- A.from that
- B.from which
- C.in that
- D.in which
13
Hilary: How about going to the town pool now, Joan? Or we could always swim at the lake.
Joan: _____.What would you prefer to do?
Hilary: I think I’d prefer to go to the town pool.
Joan: _____.What would you prefer to do?
Hilary: I think I’d prefer to go to the town pool.
- A.Good idea.I’ll call you in the morning
- B.I’m afraid I have to do my assignment
- C.It doesn’t make any difference to me
- D.OK.That’s fine with me
14
Joseph: You’re looking so happy._____
Robert: Well, actually, I have some good news.
Joseph: Really? What?
Robert: I just got a big pay rise.
Joseph: You did? _____
Robert: Well, actually, I have some good news.
Joseph: Really? What?
Robert: I just got a big pay rise.
Joseph: You did? _____
- A.How is it going?; That’s nothing.
- B.What’s new?; Congratulations!
- C.That’s wonderful!; That’s great!
- D.Something wrong with you?; It’s extremely good!
15
Rosie: Sorry, I overslept._____.
Francis: Again?
Rosie: That’s right, even though I did set the alarm last night.
Francis: Your clock never works.Perhaps you should buy a new one.
Francis: Again?
Rosie: That’s right, even though I did set the alarm last night.
Francis: Your clock never works.Perhaps you should buy a new one.
- A.My clock was lost
- B.My clock moved quickly
- C.My clock worked well this morning
- D.My clock didn’t go off this morning
三、Part Ⅲ Cloze
10 marks
Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word.Choose the correct word in one of the following three ways: according to the context, by using the correct form of the given word, or by using the given letter(s) of the word.Remember to write the answers on the answersheet.
To a chorus of angry shouts and insults, a (46) _____ (wealth) Chicago couple have been charged with child cruelty after leaving their daughters, aged four and nine, alone at home while they spent Christmas on the Acapulco, Mexico.
Acapulco, is a city, municipality and major seaport in the state of Guerrero on the Pacific coast of Mexico, 380 kilometres south of Mexico city.Acapulco is located on a deep, semicircular bay and has been a port since the early colonial period of Mexico history.It is a port of call for shipping and cruise lines (47) _____ (run) between Panama and San Francisco, California, the United States.Acapulco is in the state, far larger than the state capital Chilpancingo.Acapulco is also Mexico’s largest beach and resort city.
The city is one of Mexico’s oldest beach resorts, (48) _____ came into prominence in the 1940s through 1960s as a getaway for Hollywood stars and millionaires.Acapulco is still famous and still attracts many tourists, although most are now from Mexico itself.
The couple enjoyed themselves in the city during Christmas.David Schoo, aged forty-five, and his wife Sharon, aged thirty-five, were handcuffed by waiting police, surrounded by reporters and insulted by onlookers after their return (49) fl_____ from Mexico landed at Chicago’s O’Hare airport.The couple were immediately taken to jail, where they’ll stay until their trial.
Police said the daughters, Diana, aged four, and Nicole, aged nine, had been left on their own in the Schoos’ suburban Chicago home on 20 December when their parents set off for their ten-day (50) ho_____.Before they left, the couple had pinned up a note in the kitchen telling the girls exactly what to wear on snowy days.It also included a strict (51) _____ (remind) to Diane and Nicole about the time they should go to bed.They even remembered to tell them when and where to leave the Christmas cookies for Santa Claus.
There is clear evidence to show that the Schoos were quite determined to have an uninterrupted, trouble-free holiday, even if this meant neglecting their children.“Who could ever think that as parents they would go away to enjoy themselves for ten days?” The elder daughter Nicole told a local television station, “For a long time I felt really bad, wondering what they were doing and where they were, and how I’d get (52) _____ touch with them if I needed to.”
“How could anybody ever do this to their kids especially at Christmas time?” asked Connie Stadelmann, a neighbour.As soon as the Schoos’ plane landed, police boarded it and arrested them before they had unfastened their seat-belts.
Ms Stadelmann discovered the girls’ plight on 21 December after the children accidentally set off a home fire alarm.Although they had left a fully-stocked refrigerator, they had not given their children an emergency telephone (53) con_____ in Acapulco.“I asked them where their mom and dad were.They said Mexico”.
The girls were looked after by another family, while, unable to trace their parents, Chicago police were forced to monitor passenger lists on all flights from Mexico.She said the girls had run screaming and barefoot (54) th_____ the snow to her house.
The sun-tanned couple were led through a crowd of reporters, but declined to comment.According to one of the arresting (55) _____ (office), they didn’t even ask how their children were.The Schoos have been charged with child abandonment as well as cruelty.
To a chorus of angry shouts and insults, a (46) _____ (wealth) Chicago couple have been charged with child cruelty after leaving their daughters, aged four and nine, alone at home while they spent Christmas on the Acapulco, Mexico.Acapulco, is a city, municipality and major seaport in the state of Guerrero on the Pacific coast of Mexico, 380 kilometres south of Mexico city.Acapulco is located on a deep, semicircular bay and has been a port since the early colonial period of Mexico history.It is a port of call for shipping and cruise lines (47) _____ (run) between Panama and San Francisco, California, the United States.Acapulco is in the state, far larger than the state capital Chilpancingo.Acapulco is also Mexico’s largest beach and resort city.
The city is one of Mexico’s oldest beach resorts, (48) _____ came into prominence in the 1940s through 1960s as a getaway for Hollywood stars and millionaires.Acapulco is still famous and still attracts many tourists, although most are now from Mexico itself.
The couple enjoyed themselves in the city during Christmas.David Schoo, aged forty-five, and his wife Sharon, aged thirty-five, were handcuffed by waiting police, surrounded by reporters and insulted by onlookers after their return (49) fl_____ from Mexico landed at Chicago’s O’Hare airport.The couple were immediately taken to jail, where they’ll stay until their trial.
Police said the daughters, Diana, aged four, and Nicole, aged nine, had been left on their own in the Schoos’ suburban Chicago home on 20 December when their parents set off for their ten-day (50) ho_____.Before they left, the couple had pinned up a note in the kitchen telling the girls exactly what to wear on snowy days.It also included a strict (51) _____ (remind) to Diane and Nicole about the time they should go to bed.They even remembered to tell them when and where to leave the Christmas cookies for Santa Claus.
There is clear evidence to show that the Schoos were quite determined to have an uninterrupted, trouble-free holiday, even if this meant neglecting their children.“Who could ever think that as parents they would go away to enjoy themselves for ten days?” The elder daughter Nicole told a local television station, “For a long time I felt really bad, wondering what they were doing and where they were, and how I’d get (52) _____ touch with them if I needed to.”
“How could anybody ever do this to their kids especially at Christmas time?” asked Connie Stadelmann, a neighbour.As soon as the Schoos’ plane landed, police boarded it and arrested them before they had unfastened their seat-belts.Ms Stadelmann discovered the girls’ plight on 21 December after the children accidentally set off a home fire alarm.Although they had left a fully-stocked refrigerator, they had not given their children an emergency telephone (53) con_____ in Acapulco.“I asked them where their mom and dad were.They said Mexico”.
The girls were looked after by another family, while, unable to trace their parents, Chicago police were forced to monitor passenger lists on all flights from Mexico.She said the girls had run screaming and barefoot (54) th_____ the snow to her house.
The sun-tanned couple were led through a crowd of reporters, but declined to comment.According to one of the arresting (55) _____ (office), they didn’t even ask how their children were.The Schoos have been charged with child abandonment as well as cruelty.
16
_____.
17
_____.
18
_____.
19
_____.
20
_____.
21
_____.
22
_____.
23
_____.
24
_____.
25
_____.
四、Part Ⅳ RC
30 marks（Reading Comprehension）
There are four passages in this part.Each passage is followed by several questions.Respond to the questions using information from the passage.Remember to write the answers on the answersheet.
Section A (5 marks)
Questions 56—60 are based on the following passage.
Watercress is rapidly growing, aquatic or semi-aquatic, perennial plant native to Europe and Asia, and one of the oldest known leaf vegetables consumed by humans.It is a member of the family Brassicaceae, botanically related to garden cress, mustard, radish and wasabi—all noteworthy for their piquant flavor.
The hollow stems of watercress will float; the leaf structure is pinnately compound.Small, white and green flowers are produced in clusters and are frequently visited by insects, especially hoverflies such as Eristalis flies.
In some regions, watercress is regarded as a weed, in other regions as an aquatic vegetable or herb.Watercress has been grown in many locations around the world.Crisp, green and peppery, watercress is positively packed with healthy vitamins and minerals.It has a long history: the Greek god Zeus was reputed to think that watercress helped in building health and strength, while “the father of medicine”, was so convinced that watercress was a great healer that he built his first hospital next to a stream so that he could grow a plentiful supply of the glossy green leaves for his patients.The Romans chewed watercress in large quantities, believing that it would cure baldness.Modern-day celebrities recommend a watercress-soup diet as a great way to lose weight healthily.
Watercress sandwiches were traditionally a breakfast item in nineteenth-century Europe.The most basic type of watercress sandwich has two pieces of white bread with a mixture of butter and watercress greens.A nickname for the vegetable, in fact, was “poor man’s bread”, because watercress was often eaten on its own for breakfast by families that could not afford the bread to go with it.
Watercress is a member of the mustard family and, as its name suggests, it’s grown in water—in warm, shallow streams of flowing spring water.It consists of vitamins C, K and A, and also a valuable source of minerals such as iron, potassium, copper and calcium.Like broccoli and spinach, it has special properties which help prevent cancer.The mustard oils in its glossy leaves and stems contain a chemical compound known as PEITC.Recent research has proved that this compound can inhibit the growth of cancer cells and, in some cases, actually destroy them.
The best watercress has silky green leaves without any marks and crisp, undamaged stems.The older the plant the darker are its leaves and the thicker its stems.This means a higher concentration of oils and vitamins.Young watercress, on the other hand, may after only 28 days growth and has a milder flavour.It’s best to eat watercress fresh and raw, to preserve more of its valuable nutrients, but it can be lightly cooked and used as an alternative to spinach—another dark green vegetable—in various recipes.From soups to salads to stir-fries, watercress is now acclaimed around the world as a natural and healthy super food.Watercress can be sold in supermarket in sealed plastic bags, containing a little moisture and lightly pressurized to prevent crushing of contents.This has allowed national availability with a once-purchased storage life of one to two days in chilled refrigerated storage.
Questions 56 to 60
Fill in the blanks below with information from the passage, using no more than four words for each blank.
Examples of the use of watercress through the ages:
●Zeus thought watercress was good for health and strength.
●Hippocrates grew watercress by his hospital to heal patients.
●Romans ate watercress as (56) _____.
●Watercress sandwiches were eaten for breakfast in 19th-century Europe.
●Celebrities use watercress-soup diet to (57) _____.
Health-giving properties of watercress:
●Contains vitamins (58) _____.
●Contains iron, potassium, copper and calcium.
●Contains cancer-preventing PEITC
More about watercress:
●the best: silky green unmarked leaves, (59) _____ stems
●older watercress: darker leaves and thicker stems
●young watercress: grown for (60) _____ /mild flavor
●eat it raw or cooked
Section A (5 marks)
Questions 56—60 are based on the following passage.
Watercress is rapidly growing, aquatic or semi-aquatic, perennial plant native to Europe and Asia, and one of the oldest known leaf vegetables consumed by humans.It is a member of the family Brassicaceae, botanically related to garden cress, mustard, radish and wasabi—all noteworthy for their piquant flavor.The hollow stems of watercress will float; the leaf structure is pinnately compound.Small, white and green flowers are produced in clusters and are frequently visited by insects, especially hoverflies such as Eristalis flies.
In some regions, watercress is regarded as a weed, in other regions as an aquatic vegetable or herb.Watercress has been grown in many locations around the world.Crisp, green and peppery, watercress is positively packed with healthy vitamins and minerals.It has a long history: the Greek god Zeus was reputed to think that watercress helped in building health and strength, while “the father of medicine”, was so convinced that watercress was a great healer that he built his first hospital next to a stream so that he could grow a plentiful supply of the glossy green leaves for his patients.The Romans chewed watercress in large quantities, believing that it would cure baldness.Modern-day celebrities recommend a watercress-soup diet as a great way to lose weight healthily.
Watercress sandwiches were traditionally a breakfast item in nineteenth-century Europe.The most basic type of watercress sandwich has two pieces of white bread with a mixture of butter and watercress greens.A nickname for the vegetable, in fact, was “poor man’s bread”, because watercress was often eaten on its own for breakfast by families that could not afford the bread to go with it.
Watercress is a member of the mustard family and, as its name suggests, it’s grown in water—in warm, shallow streams of flowing spring water.It consists of vitamins C, K and A, and also a valuable source of minerals such as iron, potassium, copper and calcium.Like broccoli and spinach, it has special properties which help prevent cancer.The mustard oils in its glossy leaves and stems contain a chemical compound known as PEITC.Recent research has proved that this compound can inhibit the growth of cancer cells and, in some cases, actually destroy them.
The best watercress has silky green leaves without any marks and crisp, undamaged stems.The older the plant the darker are its leaves and the thicker its stems.This means a higher concentration of oils and vitamins.Young watercress, on the other hand, may after only 28 days growth and has a milder flavour.It’s best to eat watercress fresh and raw, to preserve more of its valuable nutrients, but it can be lightly cooked and used as an alternative to spinach—another dark green vegetable—in various recipes.From soups to salads to stir-fries, watercress is now acclaimed around the world as a natural and healthy super food.Watercress can be sold in supermarket in sealed plastic bags, containing a little moisture and lightly pressurized to prevent crushing of contents.This has allowed national availability with a once-purchased storage life of one to two days in chilled refrigerated storage.
Questions 56 to 60
Fill in the blanks below with information from the passage, using no more than four words for each blank.
Examples of the use of watercress through the ages:
●Zeus thought watercress was good for health and strength.
●Hippocrates grew watercress by his hospital to heal patients.
●Romans ate watercress as (56) _____.
●Watercress sandwiches were eaten for breakfast in 19th-century Europe.
●Celebrities use watercress-soup diet to (57) _____.
Health-giving properties of watercress:
●Contains vitamins (58) _____.
●Contains iron, potassium, copper and calcium.
●Contains cancer-preventing PEITC
More about watercress:
●the best: silky green unmarked leaves, (59) _____ stems
●older watercress: darker leaves and thicker stems
●young watercress: grown for (60) _____ /mild flavor
●eat it raw or cooked
26
_____.
27
_____.
28
_____.
29
_____.
30
_____.
Section B (10 marks)
Read the following passage.Choose from the sentences A—G the one which best fits each gap of 61—65.There aretwo extra sentences which you do not need to use.
Shanxi province nurtures an ancient civilization in the mid-section of the Yellow River, with picturesque natural scenery and cultural relics that showcase its important role in Chinese history.
China’s second largest waterfall, the Hukou, is located on the border of Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces, about 45 kilometers from Jixian county, Linfen city.
Hukou, which literally means the spout of a teapot, vividly describes the magnificent scene when the 400-meter- wide Yellow River is blocked by mountains and suddenly pours through a deep groove of 30 to 50 meters’ width.
(61) _____
Beyond the scenery, the Yellow River is the cradle of ancient Chinese civilization.Located in the northeast of Xiangfen county, Linfen city, the Taosi ruins span an area of about 2.8 million square meters and a history of 4,100 to 4,300 years.
(62) _____
They believe that Taosi was the capital of the sage emperor Yao, who lived in the middle reaches of the Yellow River at that time.It is recorded Yao built his capital at Pingyang, the ancient name for Linfen, but there was no archaeological proof before.
The new studies indicate the existence of a civilized and hierarchical society, with fortifications such as walls and moats, funerary objects of wood furniture and kitchenware, and function areas including a royal palace, living area for nobles and mausoleums.
In 1984, the earliest Chinese characters were found on a pottery in the ruins.Experts identified one character as wen (literary), and argued the others looked like yao (the emperor Yao), yi (change) and ming (life).
(63) _____
In the Tang Dynasty (AD 618—907), Emperor Li Longji ordered the fabrication of eight iron oxen and eight iron men on the banks of the Yellow River, which were used to rivet the pontoon bridge of an ancient ferry, now long gone.The figures were later buried by silt as the river shifted; they were rediscovered in 1988 in Yongji city, Shanxi province.
Each ox is about 1.9 meters tall, 3 meters long and 1.3 meters wide, and weighs 40 tons.Under each tail is a horizontal shaft to fix the bridge.
(64) _____ The oxen look muscular and majestic, stretching their chests and hind legs.It took seven years to remove rust from the sculptures and build a platform 12.2 meters above the original site for visitors.The remaining four pairs of man and beast are located about 360 meters away and remain underground.
Those who want to worship at temples can visit Yongji city’s Pujiu Temple, the place where the love story of the drama Romance of the West Chamber took place in the Tang Dynasty.
Yuncheng city, only one hour’s drive from Yongji city, is home to the largest Guandi Temple in China.It’s dedicated to Guan Yu, a famous general during the Three Kingdoms Period (AD 220-280), who was born in Yuncheng.
(65) _____ Iron figures of men with lions on the temple grounds indicate that foreign envoys presented lions as gifts to the Chinese nation.
If you go, Linfen city is more than 260 kilometers from Taiyuan, the capital city of Shanxi province.Yongji city is about 200 km from Linfen city and 60 km from Yuncheng city.It’s convenient to take trains or drive to these cities.
Question 61—65
Choose from the sentences A—G the one which best fits each gap of 61—65.There are two extra sentences which you do not need to use.
Read the following passage.Choose from the sentences A—G the one which best fits each gap of 61—65.There aretwo extra sentences which you do not need to use.
Shanxi province nurtures an ancient civilization in the mid-section of the Yellow River, with picturesque natural scenery and cultural relics that showcase its important role in Chinese history.China’s second largest waterfall, the Hukou, is located on the border of Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces, about 45 kilometers from Jixian county, Linfen city.
Hukou, which literally means the spout of a teapot, vividly describes the magnificent scene when the 400-meter- wide Yellow River is blocked by mountains and suddenly pours through a deep groove of 30 to 50 meters’ width.
(61) _____
Beyond the scenery, the Yellow River is the cradle of ancient Chinese civilization.Located in the northeast of Xiangfen county, Linfen city, the Taosi ruins span an area of about 2.8 million square meters and a history of 4,100 to 4,300 years.
(62) _____
They believe that Taosi was the capital of the sage emperor Yao, who lived in the middle reaches of the Yellow River at that time.It is recorded Yao built his capital at Pingyang, the ancient name for Linfen, but there was no archaeological proof before.
The new studies indicate the existence of a civilized and hierarchical society, with fortifications such as walls and moats, funerary objects of wood furniture and kitchenware, and function areas including a royal palace, living area for nobles and mausoleums.
In 1984, the earliest Chinese characters were found on a pottery in the ruins.Experts identified one character as wen (literary), and argued the others looked like yao (the emperor Yao), yi (change) and ming (life).
(63) _____
In the Tang Dynasty (AD 618—907), Emperor Li Longji ordered the fabrication of eight iron oxen and eight iron men on the banks of the Yellow River, which were used to rivet the pontoon bridge of an ancient ferry, now long gone.The figures were later buried by silt as the river shifted; they were rediscovered in 1988 in Yongji city, Shanxi province.
Each ox is about 1.9 meters tall, 3 meters long and 1.3 meters wide, and weighs 40 tons.Under each tail is a horizontal shaft to fix the bridge.
(64) _____ The oxen look muscular and majestic, stretching their chests and hind legs.It took seven years to remove rust from the sculptures and build a platform 12.2 meters above the original site for visitors.The remaining four pairs of man and beast are located about 360 meters away and remain underground.
Those who want to worship at temples can visit Yongji city’s Pujiu Temple, the place where the love story of the drama Romance of the West Chamber took place in the Tang Dynasty.
Yuncheng city, only one hour’s drive from Yongji city, is home to the largest Guandi Temple in China.It’s dedicated to Guan Yu, a famous general during the Three Kingdoms Period (AD 220-280), who was born in Yuncheng.
(65) _____ Iron figures of men with lions on the temple grounds indicate that foreign envoys presented lions as gifts to the Chinese nation.
If you go, Linfen city is more than 260 kilometers from Taiyuan, the capital city of Shanxi province.Yongji city is about 200 km from Linfen city and 60 km from Yuncheng city.It’s convenient to take trains or drive to these cities.
Question 61—65
Choose from the sentences A—G the one which best fits each gap of 61—65.There are two extra sentences which you do not need to use.
31
_____.
- A.Tang Dynasty of Ancient China, a time of peace, prosperity, and inventions such as gunpowder, printing, and porcelain.
- B.In winter, the waterfall turns into a frozen world of ice pillars and columns—a different kind of natural beauty.
- C.Originally built in AD 589, the traditional complex has been rebuilt and expanded in the following centuries.
- D.The local government has applied to build a national park on the Taosi site to protect the ruins, display the various antiques and promote the archaeological discoveries.
- E.An ox, also known as a bullock in Australia and India, is a bovine trained as a draft animal.
- F.Archaeologists have researched the site since 1978 and announced their discoveries.
- G.At present, half of the iron figures no longer guard the Yellow River, but stand on the ground as relics of the ancient ferry.
32
_____.
- A.Tang Dynasty of Ancient China, a time of peace, prosperity, and inventions such as gunpowder, printing, and porcelain.
- B.In winter, the waterfall turns into a frozen world of ice pillars and columns—a different kind of natural beauty.
- C.Originally built in AD 589, the traditional complex has been rebuilt and expanded in the following centuries.
- D.The local government has applied to build a national park on the Taosi site to protect the ruins, display the various antiques and promote the archaeological discoveries.
- E.An ox, also known as a bullock in Australia and India, is a bovine trained as a draft animal.
- F.Archaeologists have researched the site since 1978 and announced their discoveries.
- G.At present, half of the iron figures no longer guard the Yellow River, but stand on the ground as relics of the ancient ferry.
33
_____.
- A.Tang Dynasty of Ancient China, a time of peace, prosperity, and inventions such as gunpowder, printing, and porcelain.
- B.In winter, the waterfall turns into a frozen world of ice pillars and columns—a different kind of natural beauty.
- C.Originally built in AD 589, the traditional complex has been rebuilt and expanded in the following centuries.
- D.The local government has applied to build a national park on the Taosi site to protect the ruins, display the various antiques and promote the archaeological discoveries.
- E.An ox, also known as a bullock in Australia and India, is a bovine trained as a draft animal.
- F.Archaeologists have researched the site since 1978 and announced their discoveries.
- G.At present, half of the iron figures no longer guard the Yellow River, but stand on the ground as relics of the ancient ferry.
34
_____.
- A.Tang Dynasty of Ancient China, a time of peace, prosperity, and inventions such as gunpowder, printing, and porcelain.
- B.In winter, the waterfall turns into a frozen world of ice pillars and columns—a different kind of natural beauty.
- C.Originally built in AD 589, the traditional complex has been rebuilt and expanded in the following centuries.
- D.The local government has applied to build a national park on the Taosi site to protect the ruins, display the various antiques and promote the archaeological discoveries.
- E.An ox, also known as a bullock in Australia and India, is a bovine trained as a draft animal.
- F.Archaeologists have researched the site since 1978 and announced their discoveries.
- G.At present, half of the iron figures no longer guard the Yellow River, but stand on the ground as relics of the ancient ferry.
35
_____.
- A.Tang Dynasty of Ancient China, a time of peace, prosperity, and inventions such as gunpowder, printing, and porcelain.
- B.In winter, the waterfall turns into a frozen world of ice pillars and columns—a different kind of natural beauty.
- C.Originally built in AD 589, the traditional complex has been rebuilt and expanded in the following centuries.
- D.The local government has applied to build a national park on the Taosi site to protect the ruins, display the various antiques and promote the archaeological discoveries.
- E.An ox, also known as a bullock in Australia and India, is a bovine trained as a draft animal.
- F.Archaeologists have researched the site since 1978 and announced their discoveries.
- G.At present, half of the iron figures no longer guard the Yellow River, but stand on the ground as relics of the ancient ferry.
Section C (10 marks)
Questions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.
It’s 4.45 a.m. in Samasati village in north-western Zambia and the Chimwanga family, champion beekeepers, are already on their way to extract honey from one of their many hives. For as long as anyone can remember, this area has been famous for beekeeping, but it is only in the last ten years that the business has begun to make a difference to the lives of the producers, since they began to trade through an organization guaranteeing them a fair price for their crop.
Samasati is a beautiful place, where nature provides and pollution is non-existent. Here, 60 miles from the nearest telephone or source of electricity, the 300 inhabitants support themselves from the forest and rivers. Life is hard, however, and the only income available to the villagers is from selling their honey. The Chimwangas own a small house and a couple of bicycles and are the villager’s biggest honey producers. When his children are old enough, Mr Chimwanga should be able to send them to school and will be able to pay for medical care if any of his family becomes ill. The Chimwangas are proud that the head of their family is the best beekeeper in the village.
It’s a half-hour walk from the Chimwanga house to the hive site. The hives themselves are made out of cylindrical sections of tree bark, which are hung high up in the trees to attract swarms of bees. (The tree eventually regrow its barks, so there is a never-ending supply for new hives.) Bee hives in Zambia have been made in this way for thousands of years. On reaching the site, the Chimwangas tear off low, leaf-covered branches from nearby trees. They place these in a pile on the ground as a bundle and insert some dry reed stalks in the middle. A match then sets the reeds alight and thick smoke is produced as the fire spreads from the dry reeds to the green leaves.
Mr Chimwanga climbs nimbly up the trunk and moves carefully along a branch towards the hanging hive. He carries the smoking bundle on a length of string tired around his waist. When he reaches the hive, he waves smoke into the entrance to calm the bees and then thrusts his arm inside. The bees circle his head and hum relentlessly. Unafraid, he pulls up a bucket and fills it with the precious honeycomb, dropping some pieces down to his family to eat as he does so. It’s the most delicious honey, fragrant but not too sweet—the result of the hundreds of orchids and other wild flowers the bees have feasted on in the forest.
This honey is sold straight to the exporting company, North West Bee Products, through their buyer, Bob Malichi. He is the vital middleman for the beekeepers and arrives in the village amid claps and warm handshakes, weighs the honey and pays for the product directly.
Bob himself comes from generations of beekeepers and is passionate about Zambian honey—indeed, he believes it’s Zambian’s future. “Honey will always be there,” he says, “If you look after the bees, they will produce for you. Our honey is organically produced. There’s no pollution, and nothing is added—it comes straight from the forest.” The honey is transported to Dares Salaam, in neighboring Tanzania, for export. Within a month of a Zambian beekeeper climbing to his hive, his honey can be spread on the bread anywhere in the world.
Questions 66 to 70
Answer the following questions with the information given in the passage.
Questions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.
It’s 4.45 a.m. in Samasati village in north-western Zambia and the Chimwanga family, champion beekeepers, are already on their way to extract honey from one of their many hives. For as long as anyone can remember, this area has been famous for beekeeping, but it is only in the last ten years that the business has begun to make a difference to the lives of the producers, since they began to trade through an organization guaranteeing them a fair price for their crop.Samasati is a beautiful place, where nature provides and pollution is non-existent. Here, 60 miles from the nearest telephone or source of electricity, the 300 inhabitants support themselves from the forest and rivers. Life is hard, however, and the only income available to the villagers is from selling their honey. The Chimwangas own a small house and a couple of bicycles and are the villager’s biggest honey producers. When his children are old enough, Mr Chimwanga should be able to send them to school and will be able to pay for medical care if any of his family becomes ill. The Chimwangas are proud that the head of their family is the best beekeeper in the village.
It’s a half-hour walk from the Chimwanga house to the hive site. The hives themselves are made out of cylindrical sections of tree bark, which are hung high up in the trees to attract swarms of bees. (The tree eventually regrow its barks, so there is a never-ending supply for new hives.) Bee hives in Zambia have been made in this way for thousands of years. On reaching the site, the Chimwangas tear off low, leaf-covered branches from nearby trees. They place these in a pile on the ground as a bundle and insert some dry reed stalks in the middle. A match then sets the reeds alight and thick smoke is produced as the fire spreads from the dry reeds to the green leaves.
Mr Chimwanga climbs nimbly up the trunk and moves carefully along a branch towards the hanging hive. He carries the smoking bundle on a length of string tired around his waist. When he reaches the hive, he waves smoke into the entrance to calm the bees and then thrusts his arm inside. The bees circle his head and hum relentlessly. Unafraid, he pulls up a bucket and fills it with the precious honeycomb, dropping some pieces down to his family to eat as he does so. It’s the most delicious honey, fragrant but not too sweet—the result of the hundreds of orchids and other wild flowers the bees have feasted on in the forest.
This honey is sold straight to the exporting company, North West Bee Products, through their buyer, Bob Malichi. He is the vital middleman for the beekeepers and arrives in the village amid claps and warm handshakes, weighs the honey and pays for the product directly.
Bob himself comes from generations of beekeepers and is passionate about Zambian honey—indeed, he believes it’s Zambian’s future. “Honey will always be there,” he says, “If you look after the bees, they will produce for you. Our honey is organically produced. There’s no pollution, and nothing is added—it comes straight from the forest.” The honey is transported to Dares Salaam, in neighboring Tanzania, for export. Within a month of a Zambian beekeeper climbing to his hive, his honey can be spread on the bread anywhere in the world.
Questions 66 to 70
Answer the following questions with the information given in the passage.
36
Why has the honey trade recently become profitable for Zambian beekeepers?
37
Which two items show Mr Chimwang’s status as a successful beekeeper?
38
What’s a Zambian beehive made of?
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What gives Zambian honey its characteristic taste?
40
How soon can Zambian honey reach consumers abroad?
Section D (10 marks)
Questions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage.
A new study conducted has demonstrated that public transport is more efficient than cars. The study compared the proportion of wealth poured into transport by 37 cities around the world. This included both the public and private costs of building, maintaining and using a transport system.
The study found that the Western Australian city of Perth is a good example of a city with minimal public transport. As a result, 17% of its wealth went into transport costs. Some European and Asian cities, on the other hand, spend as little as 5%. These cities were able to put the difference into attracting industry and jobs or creating a better place to live.
According to the study, the larger Australian city of Melbourne is a rather unusual city in this sort of comparison. Melbourne’s large tram network has made car use in the inner city much lower, but the outer suburbs have the same car-based structure as most other Australian cities, the explosion in demand for accommodation in the inner suburbs of Melbourne suggest a recent change in many people’s preferences as to where they live.
This is a new, broader way of considering public transport issues. In the past, the case for public transport has been made on the basis of environmental and social justice considerations rather than economics. The study demonstrates that “the auto-dependent city model is inefficient and grossly inadequate in economic as well as environmental terms”.
Bicycle use wasn’t included in the study but it was noted that the two most “bicycle friendly” cities (Amsterdam and Copenhagen) were very efficient, even though their public transport reasonable but not special”.
It is common for supporters of road networks to reject the models of cities with good public transport by arguing that such systems would not work in their particular city. One objection is climate. Some people say their city could not make more use of public transport because it is either too hot or too cold. In fact, the main reason for adopting one sort of transport over another is politics. The more democratic the process, the more public transport is favored.
In the UK, travel times to work had been stable for at least six centuries, with people avoiding situations that required them to spend more than half an hour travelling to work. Trains and cars initially allowed people to live at greater distances without taking longer to reach their destination. However, public infrastructure didn’t keep pace with urban sprawl, causing massive congestion problems which now make commuting time far higher.
There’s a widespread belief that increasing wealth encourages people to live farther out where cars are the only viable transport. The example of European cities refutes that. They’re often wealthier than their American counterparts but haven’t generated the same level of car use. The study also shows that developing Asian cities make more use of the car than wealthy Asian cities. In the cities that developed later, cars create the massive traffic jams.
The explanation for the constant rise of the population and job density has shown that it’s valuable to place people working in related fields together. This new world depends on human creativity, and creativity flourishes where people come together face-to-face even online.
Questions 71 to 75
Complete the summary below with information from the passage, using no more than three words for each blank.
A new study shows that public transport is more efficient than cars. According to the study, Melbourne’s model is a new (71) _____ method of considering public transport issues. Now the basic concern of public transport is economics instead of social fairness and (72) _____ consideration. Supporters of car users don’t accept the models of cities with good public transport, and one of their objections is their local (73) _____. In the UK, the initial use of cars and trains was to allow people to arrive at their destination with (74) _____. Contrary to the common belief, in Europe, the increase of wealth hadn’t generated the same (75) _____ as that in the United States, but in the newly-developed cities, cars create the massive traffic congestion.
Questions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage.
A new study conducted has demonstrated that public transport is more efficient than cars. The study compared the proportion of wealth poured into transport by 37 cities around the world. This included both the public and private costs of building, maintaining and using a transport system.The study found that the Western Australian city of Perth is a good example of a city with minimal public transport. As a result, 17% of its wealth went into transport costs. Some European and Asian cities, on the other hand, spend as little as 5%. These cities were able to put the difference into attracting industry and jobs or creating a better place to live.
According to the study, the larger Australian city of Melbourne is a rather unusual city in this sort of comparison. Melbourne’s large tram network has made car use in the inner city much lower, but the outer suburbs have the same car-based structure as most other Australian cities, the explosion in demand for accommodation in the inner suburbs of Melbourne suggest a recent change in many people’s preferences as to where they live.
This is a new, broader way of considering public transport issues. In the past, the case for public transport has been made on the basis of environmental and social justice considerations rather than economics. The study demonstrates that “the auto-dependent city model is inefficient and grossly inadequate in economic as well as environmental terms”.
Bicycle use wasn’t included in the study but it was noted that the two most “bicycle friendly” cities (Amsterdam and Copenhagen) were very efficient, even though their public transport reasonable but not special”.
It is common for supporters of road networks to reject the models of cities with good public transport by arguing that such systems would not work in their particular city. One objection is climate. Some people say their city could not make more use of public transport because it is either too hot or too cold. In fact, the main reason for adopting one sort of transport over another is politics. The more democratic the process, the more public transport is favored.In the UK, travel times to work had been stable for at least six centuries, with people avoiding situations that required them to spend more than half an hour travelling to work. Trains and cars initially allowed people to live at greater distances without taking longer to reach their destination. However, public infrastructure didn’t keep pace with urban sprawl, causing massive congestion problems which now make commuting time far higher.
There’s a widespread belief that increasing wealth encourages people to live farther out where cars are the only viable transport. The example of European cities refutes that. They’re often wealthier than their American counterparts but haven’t generated the same level of car use. The study also shows that developing Asian cities make more use of the car than wealthy Asian cities. In the cities that developed later, cars create the massive traffic jams.
The explanation for the constant rise of the population and job density has shown that it’s valuable to place people working in related fields together. This new world depends on human creativity, and creativity flourishes where people come together face-to-face even online.
Questions 71 to 75
Complete the summary below with information from the passage, using no more than three words for each blank.
A new study shows that public transport is more efficient than cars. According to the study, Melbourne’s model is a new (71) _____ method of considering public transport issues. Now the basic concern of public transport is economics instead of social fairness and (72) _____ consideration. Supporters of car users don’t accept the models of cities with good public transport, and one of their objections is their local (73) _____. In the UK, the initial use of cars and trains was to allow people to arrive at their destination with (74) _____. Contrary to the common belief, in Europe, the increase of wealth hadn’t generated the same (75) _____ as that in the United States, but in the newly-developed cities, cars create the massive traffic congestion.
41
_____.
42
_____.
43
_____.
44
_____.
45
_____.
五、Part Ⅴ Translation
15 marks
46
Section A (5 marks)
Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.Remember to write the answers on the answersheet.
There has never been perfect happiness.The perfect status of human beings doesn’t exist.Whatever else happiness may be, it lies neither in possession nor achievement, but in the pursuing process.We should always keep in mind that we’re not born to enjoy happiness, but to strive for it.Happiness lies in pursuing itself, and in the meaningful things that we struggle our lives for, from which we obtain enlightenment.That is to say, happiness lies in the process of pursuing.A nation shouldn’t be judged by what it possesses nor by what it wants to possess, but by what it wishes to pursue and what it’s pursing.
Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.Remember to write the answers on the answersheet.
There has never been perfect happiness.The perfect status of human beings doesn’t exist.Whatever else happiness may be, it lies neither in possession nor achievement, but in the pursuing process.We should always keep in mind that we’re not born to enjoy happiness, but to strive for it.Happiness lies in pursuing itself, and in the meaningful things that we struggle our lives for, from which we obtain enlightenment.That is to say, happiness lies in the process of pursuing.A nation shouldn’t be judged by what it possesses nor by what it wants to possess, but by what it wishes to pursue and what it’s pursing.
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Section B (10 marks)
Translate the following sentences into English by using the hints given in brackets.Remember to write the answer on the answersheet.
人类自有文化就有文化交流。(77)人类文化从整体来说是各国、各民族文化会聚、交流的产物。(taken as a whole)现代国际间的文化交流更是以空前的规模、内容、形式和手段在直接间接地进行着。对外开放成了我国长期坚持不变的基本国策，这就为我们的国际文化交流开辟了更为广阔的前景。(78)我们向世界各国借鉴一切我们有益的东西用以建设自己的物质文明和精神文明。(make use of)同时我们又向各国人民介绍他们所感兴趣的事物。(79)相互交流增进了理解和友谊促进科学文化的共同发展。(promote)世界已非马可•波罗时代。从上海飞去东京只需两个多小时，相当于从杭州到北京的时间。(80)从中国去地球另一端的美国，也能在日历上的同一天到达。(the same day of the calendar)昔日遥远的地理距离，被现代科学技术一下缩短到令人难以置信的程度。这是人类文明进步的共同成果。(81)中国和外国的历史经验都一再证明：文化需要交流。(the historical experience)只有交流，才能相互学习，相互了解；只有交流，才能共同去促进人类智慧向着一座又一座高峰发展，并共同享用其成果。
Translate the following sentences into English by using the hints given in brackets.Remember to write the answer on the answersheet.
人类自有文化就有文化交流。(77)人类文化从整体来说是各国、各民族文化会聚、交流的产物。(taken as a whole)现代国际间的文化交流更是以空前的规模、内容、形式和手段在直接间接地进行着。对外开放成了我国长期坚持不变的基本国策，这就为我们的国际文化交流开辟了更为广阔的前景。(78)我们向世界各国借鉴一切我们有益的东西用以建设自己的物质文明和精神文明。(make use of)同时我们又向各国人民介绍他们所感兴趣的事物。(79)相互交流增进了理解和友谊促进科学文化的共同发展。(promote)世界已非马可•波罗时代。从上海飞去东京只需两个多小时，相当于从杭州到北京的时间。(80)从中国去地球另一端的美国，也能在日历上的同一天到达。(the same day of the calendar)昔日遥远的地理距离，被现代科学技术一下缩短到令人难以置信的程度。这是人类文明进步的共同成果。(81)中国和外国的历史经验都一再证明：文化需要交流。(the historical experience)只有交流，才能相互学习，相互了解；只有交流，才能共同去促进人类智慧向着一座又一座高峰发展，并共同享用其成果。
六、Part Ⅵ EC
10 marks（Error Correction）
Proofread the passage as required.Each indicated line contains amaximumofone error.Correct the passage in the following ways: for a right line, put the sign “√” in the corresponding blank; for a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank; for a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with the sign “∧” and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank; for an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with the sign “\” and put the word with the sign in the blank.Write the answers on the answersheet.
48
_____.
49
_____.
50
_____.
51
_____.
52
_____.
53
_____.
54
_____.
55
_____.
56
_____.
57
_____.
七、Part Ⅶ IQ Test
10 marks
58
There are five IQ Test questions in this part.Write the answers on the answersheet.
Why are people always tired on April Fool’s Day?
Why are people always tired on April Fool’s Day?
59
Find this humorous saying by Groucho Marx.
60
In a secret code based on a 3×3 grid system each box of the grid contains three letters, as shown in the diagram below.
Use these clues to translate the following symbols.
Use these clues to translate the following symbols.
61
The number in the middle of the star is related to all those to its points.What number should replace the question mark?
62
Each of the nine squares in the grid marked 1A to 3C, should incorporate all the lines and symbols that are shown in the squares of the same letter and number immediately above and to the left.For example, 2B should incorporate all the lines and symbols that are in 2 and B.One of the squares is incorrect.Which one is it?
八、Part Ⅷ Writing
30 marks
63
Section A (10 marks)
The chart below shows the average hours worked per day by married men and women in paid employment.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.You need to write atleast100words on the answersheet.
The chart below shows the average hours worked per day by married men and women in paid employment.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.You need to write atleast100words on the answersheet.
64
Section B (20 marks)
Write about the following topic:
Different people have different personalities.And their destinies are different.Some people hold the idea that personality decides destiny, and more and more people share this belief.Many people complain about the unfairness of their fate.What’s personality? Does personality decide destiny?
Write an article of atleast160words to express your opinion on the answersheet.
Write about the following topic:
Different people have different personalities.And their destinies are different.Some people hold the idea that personality decides destiny, and more and more people share this belief.Many people complain about the unfairness of their fate.What’s personality? Does personality decide destiny?
Write an article of atleast160words to express your opinion on the answersheet.
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