2023年04月高等教育自学考试《13124英语（专）》试题
13124英语（专）
历年真题
共 42 题
896 次浏览
更新于 2026-09-27
一、阅读判断
每题1分，共10题，共10分。
Courtroom Pioneer
Constance B.Motley was boron September 14,1921 in Connecticut.She was the ninth in a family of twelve children.She was a good student.And when she was a teenager, she decided to become a lawyer.However, her family did not have enough money to send her to college.
When she was eighteen, something happened that changed her life.One night she attended a meeting at a center for the black community.She gave a speech.She said that blacks should play a larger part in running the center.Clarence W.Blakeslee, a rich philanthropist（慈善家），was impressed by her speech.As a result， he offered to pay for her education.This helped her to reach her goal of becoming a lawyer.
She first attended Fisk University in Tennessee.Then she went to New York University and received a college degree in 1943.She studied law at Columbia University Law School and received a law degree in 1946.After she finished law school, she became a civil rights lawyer.
After almost 20 years as a lawyer, she entered politics .In 1964,she became a New York state senator（参议员）．She was the first black woman to hold this office．In 1965，she became the first woman to be president of Manhattan in New York City.
Her work came to the attention of President Lyndon Johnson.In 1966, the President named her a federal judge.She was the first black woman to serve as a judge in the US District Court.Since joining the court, she has continued to be interested in the rights of all people.
Constance B.Motley was boron September 14,1921 in Connecticut.She was the ninth in a family of twelve children.She was a good student.And when she was a teenager, she decided to become a lawyer.However, her family did not have enough money to send her to college.
When she was eighteen, something happened that changed her life.One night she attended a meeting at a center for the black community.She gave a speech.She said that blacks should play a larger part in running the center.Clarence W.Blakeslee, a rich philanthropist（慈善家），was impressed by her speech.As a result， he offered to pay for her education.This helped her to reach her goal of becoming a lawyer.
She first attended Fisk University in Tennessee.Then she went to New York University and received a college degree in 1943.She studied law at Columbia University Law School and received a law degree in 1946.After she finished law school, she became a civil rights lawyer.
After almost 20 years as a lawyer, she entered politics .In 1964,she became a New York state senator（参议员）．She was the first black woman to hold this office．In 1965，she became the first woman to be president of Manhattan in New York City.
Her work came to the attention of President Lyndon Johnson.In 1966, the President named her a federal judge.She was the first black woman to serve as a judge in the US District Court.Since joining the court, she has continued to be interested in the rights of all people.
1
Constance came from a large family.
- A.true
- B.false
- C.Not Given
2
Becoming a politician was young Constance's dream.
- A.true
- B.false
- C.Not Given
3
Constance regularly gave speeches in her community.
- A.true
- B.false
- C.Not Given
4
Clarence offered to support her education, but Constance refused.
- A.true
- B.false
- C.Not Given
5
Constance got a law degree from New York University in 1946.
- A.true
- B.false
- C.Not Given
6
Before 1964, there was no black woman serving as a New York state senator.
- A.true
- B.false
- C.Not Given
7
Constance was married to a lawyer.
- A.true
- B.false
- C.Not Given
8
Constance once served as president of Manhattan in New York City.
- A.true
- B.false
- C.Not Given
9
President Johnson named Constance a federal judge.
- A.true
- B.false
- C.Not Given
10
After 1966,Constance began to take interest in the rights of all people.
- A.true
- B.false
- C.Not Given
二、阅读选择
每题2分，共5题，共10分。
Children are a main target for advertisers and salesmen across the world.They are easily influenced by advertising.Also, they may easily get their parents to buy a certain product for them.If they want something，children will pester（纠缠）their parents until they get it.A little suggestion from a single advertisement can send them on their way.
McDonald＇s at one stage advised its employees to target children.Its campaign（广告活动） “Kids Are the Star" encouraged employees to pay special attention to children.The purpose was to give children a positive experience while eating at its restaurants.The reason for this was not that McDonald's cared deeply about the general health and happiness of children.It was really interested in the pester-power of children.This power might bring parents back for more visits.
Advertisers target children in a very simple way.They use bright lights, happy people and cartoon characters.All these encourage children to think a certain product is something they want.Children truly believe what an advertiser tells them.
Children arrive at McDonald's and consume high amounts of salt, sugar and fat.Their bodies have an immediate positive reaction.This reaction lasts about as long as they are at the place.By the time they＇ re＂coming down（平静下来）＂，you＇re on the way home.
If you want what's best for your children, try your best to keep them away from TV.It is bad for their brains, and bad for your wallet, too! Take them outside, not to McDonald's, but to the beach.
McDonald＇s at one stage advised its employees to target children.Its campaign（广告活动） “Kids Are the Star" encouraged employees to pay special attention to children.The purpose was to give children a positive experience while eating at its restaurants.The reason for this was not that McDonald's cared deeply about the general health and happiness of children.It was really interested in the pester-power of children.This power might bring parents back for more visits.
Advertisers target children in a very simple way.They use bright lights, happy people and cartoon characters.All these encourage children to think a certain product is something they want.Children truly believe what an advertiser tells them.
Children arrive at McDonald's and consume high amounts of salt, sugar and fat.Their bodies have an immediate positive reaction.This reaction lasts about as long as they are at the place.By the time they＇ re＂coming down（平静下来）＂，you＇re on the way home.
If you want what's best for your children, try your best to keep them away from TV.It is bad for their brains, and bad for your wallet, too! Take them outside, not to McDonald's, but to the beach.
11
Advertisers target children mainly because children ______。
- A.spend a lot of time watching TV
- B.have strong buying power
- C.may have pocket money to spend
- D.can affect parents 'buying decisions
12
The campaign" Kids Are the Star" aimed to encourage children to ______。
- A.come back to McDonald's
- B.become stars
- C.make their own decisions
- D.stay in good health
13
What do advertisers often use to target children?
- A.Colorful products.
- B.Healthy food.
- C.Cartoon characters.
- D.Famous people.
14
Children like McDonald's because they can ______。
- A.get immediate satisfaction
- B.eat as much as they want
- C.stay there for a long time
- D.go there whenever they want
15
What is the main idea of this text?
- A.Parents should help children spend money wisely.
- B.Advertisers take advantage of children.
- C.The food offered by McDonald's is not healthy.
- D.McDonald's is very successful in its business.
三、概括段落大意和补全句子
每题1分，共10题，共10分。
Should I Gain Weight?
① I's almost never a good idea for a kid to try to gain weight, especially by eating lots of unhealthy fast food.It may seem strange that some kids want to gain weight when many people want to be thinner.But kids who are thin sometimes feel like they aren't the right size.And they might even get laughed at for their size.
② People come in different shapes and sizes.You might have friends the same age who weigh a lot more than you do.It doesn't mean that either of you is the wrong weight.If you're not too tall, there's less of you.That equals fewer pounds when you step on the scale .Or you might be small-framed（骨架）.Your body frame might be smaller or thinner.
③You might feel thin compared with friends who＇ve gone through puberty（青春期）.During puberty, it's normal for kids to grow a lot and gain weight, too.If one kid hasn't hit puberty and another has, the one who's still waiting for puberty is likely to be smaller and thinner.
④Your parents might be short, small or thin people.Your mom and dad pass along their genes（基因）to you-including the genes that help determine your height and body frame.If close family members are small or thin, there's a good chance you will be, too.
⑤Being laughed at is one reason why thin kids sometimes want to gain weight.It's never fun to be treated this way.If this happens to you, be sure to tell a grown-up who can help.You might also say back to someone who laughs at you, "That's just the way I am.Everybody is different."
① I's almost never a good idea for a kid to try to gain weight, especially by eating lots of unhealthy fast food.It may seem strange that some kids want to gain weight when many people want to be thinner.But kids who are thin sometimes feel like they aren't the right size.And they might even get laughed at for their size.
② People come in different shapes and sizes.You might have friends the same age who weigh a lot more than you do.It doesn't mean that either of you is the wrong weight.If you're not too tall, there's less of you.That equals fewer pounds when you step on the scale .Or you might be small-framed（骨架）.Your body frame might be smaller or thinner.
③You might feel thin compared with friends who＇ve gone through puberty（青春期）.During puberty, it's normal for kids to grow a lot and gain weight, too.If one kid hasn't hit puberty and another has, the one who's still waiting for puberty is likely to be smaller and thinner.
④Your parents might be short, small or thin people.Your mom and dad pass along their genes（基因）to you-including the genes that help determine your height and body frame.If close family members are small or thin, there's a good chance you will be, too.
⑤Being laughed at is one reason why thin kids sometimes want to gain weight.It's never fun to be treated this way.If this happens to you, be sure to tell a grown-up who can help.You might also say back to someone who laughs at you, "That's just the way I am.Everybody is different."
16
Paragraph①
- A.Weight and health
- B.Weight and gene
- C.weight and puberty
- D.Weight, shape and size
- E.How to deal with being laughed at
- F.Why some kids want to gain weight
17
Paragraph ②
- A.Weight and health
- B.Weight and gene
- C.weight and puberty
- D.Weight, shape and size
- E.How to deal with being laughed at
- F.Why some kids want to gain weight
18
Paragraph③
- A.Weight and health
- B.Weight and gene
- C.weight and puberty
- D.Weight, shape and size
- E.How to deal with being laughed at
- F.Why some kids want to gain weight
19
Paragraph④
- A.Weight and health
- B.Weight and gene
- C.weight and puberty
- D.Weight, shape and size
- E.How to deal with being laughed at
- F.Why some kids want to gain weight
20
Paragraph ⑤
- A.Weight and health
- B.Weight and gene
- C.weight and puberty
- D.Weight, shape and size
- E.How to deal with being laughed at
- F.Why some kids want to gain weight
21
It seems unusual that some kids ______。
- A.friends
- B.weigh more
- C.at the same age
- D.from grown-ups
- E.close family members
- F.want to gain weight
22
Compared with short people, taller people often ______。
- A.friends
- B.weigh more
- C.at the same age
- D.from grown-ups
- E.close family members
- F.want to gain weight
23
Kids may not start their puberty ______。
- A.friends
- B.weigh more
- C.at the same age
- D.from grown-ups
- E.close family members
- F.want to gain weight
24
One's body frame will be similar to that of one's ______。
- A.friends
- B.weigh more
- C.at the same age
- D.from grown-ups
- E.close family members
- F.want to gain weight
25
One way to deal with being laughed at is to look for help ______。
- A.friends
- B.weigh more
- C.at the same age
- D.from grown-ups
- E.close family members
- F.want to gain weight
四、填句补文
每题2分，共5题，共10分。
The History of Chalk
Chalk used in school classrooms comes in sticks .Lessons are often presented to entire classes on blackboards using sticks of chalk.___26 ___
Chalk has been used for drawing since ancient times.___27___ Later, artists of different countries and styles used chalk mainly for sketches（素描）.
Chalk did not become standard in schoolrooms until the 19th century.___28 ___ Teachers needed a convenient way of teaching many students at one time.Instructors used large blackboards, and students also worked with individual chalkboards.
Blackboards used to be black，because they were made from real slate（石板）.Some experts made yellow chalkboards and dark blue chalk to simulate（模拟）writing on paper.However, when manufacturers began to make chalkboards from man-made materials during the 20th century, they chose the color green.__29____ Later ,yellow became the preferred color for chalk.
Almost all chalk produced today is dustless, Earlier, softer chalk tended to produce a cloud of dust.___30___ Dustless chalk still produces dust; it's just that the dust settles faster.Manufacturers accomplish this by baking their chalk longer to harden it more.
Chalk used in school classrooms comes in sticks .Lessons are often presented to entire classes on blackboards using sticks of chalk.___26 ___
Chalk has been used for drawing since ancient times.___27___ Later, artists of different countries and styles used chalk mainly for sketches（素描）.
Chalk did not become standard in schoolrooms until the 19th century.___28 ___ Teachers needed a convenient way of teaching many students at one time.Instructors used large blackboards, and students also worked with individual chalkboards.
Blackboards used to be black，because they were made from real slate（石板）.Some experts made yellow chalkboards and dark blue chalk to simulate（模拟）writing on paper.However, when manufacturers began to make chalkboards from man-made materials during the 20th century, they chose the color green.__29____ Later ,yellow became the preferred color for chalk.
Almost all chalk produced today is dustless, Earlier, softer chalk tended to produce a cloud of dust.___30___ Dustless chalk still produces dust; it's just that the dust settles faster.Manufacturers accomplish this by baking their chalk longer to harden it more.
26
_____.
- A.The manufacturing of chalk is becoming more complicated.
- B.Some feared such dust might cause breathing problems.
- C.It helped to create some of the earliest cave drawings.
- D.They argued that it was easier on the eyes.
- E.At that time class sizes began to increase.
- F.This method has proven cheap and easy.
27
_____.
- A.The manufacturing of chalk is becoming more complicated.
- B.Some feared such dust might cause breathing problems.
- C.It helped to create some of the earliest cave drawings.
- D.They argued that it was easier on the eyes.
- E.At that time class sizes began to increase.
- F.This method has proven cheap and easy.
28
_____.
- A.The manufacturing of chalk is becoming more complicated.
- B.Some feared such dust might cause breathing problems.
- C.It helped to create some of the earliest cave drawings.
- D.They argued that it was easier on the eyes.
- E.At that time class sizes began to increase.
- F.This method has proven cheap and easy.
29
_____.
- A.The manufacturing of chalk is becoming more complicated.
- B.Some feared such dust might cause breathing problems.
- C.It helped to create some of the earliest cave drawings.
- D.They argued that it was easier on the eyes.
- E.At that time class sizes began to increase.
- F.This method has proven cheap and easy.
30
_____.
- A.The manufacturing of chalk is becoming more complicated.
- B.Some feared such dust might cause breathing problems.
- C.It helped to create some of the earliest cave drawings.
- D.They argued that it was easier on the eyes.
- E.At that time class sizes began to increase.
- F.This method has proven cheap and easy.
五、填词补文
每题1.5分，共10题，共15分。
Family Relationship
There are many difficult matters in family relationship.One of them is that you don't control the ___31___ relationship yourself。
When major family relationship problems occur, it's____32 __ to attempt a control strategy.You try to get the other person to change.Sometimes this approach works,___33___ if your request and the other person's are both reasonable.But many times it doesn't.
On the other hand, if you can't change other people, maybe you should___34___ accept them as they are.That's another strategy that sometimes works.But sometimes this can lead to bitterness and____35___ if your needs aren't being____36___ .
There is，however，a third option（选择）．You can change yourself in a（n）___37___ that solves the problem.This____38___ that you reconsider the problem as an internal one instead of a(n) ___39___ one.This means that you need to___40 ___ your awareness and make a change in your beliefs.
There are many difficult matters in family relationship.One of them is that you don't control the ___31___ relationship yourself。
When major family relationship problems occur, it's____32 __ to attempt a control strategy.You try to get the other person to change.Sometimes this approach works,___33___ if your request and the other person's are both reasonable.But many times it doesn't.
On the other hand, if you can't change other people, maybe you should___34___ accept them as they are.That's another strategy that sometimes works.But sometimes this can lead to bitterness and____35___ if your needs aren't being____36___ .
There is，however，a third option（选择）．You can change yourself in a（n）___37___ that solves the problem.This____38___ that you reconsider the problem as an internal one instead of a(n) ___39___ one.This means that you need to___40 ___ your awareness and make a change in your beliefs.
31
_____.
- A.anger
- B.just
c.especially - D.met
- E.common
- F.entire
- G.created
- H.requires
- I.expand
- J.external
- K.way
- L.spread
32
_____.
- A.anger
- B.just
c.especially - D.met
- E.common
- F.entire
- G.created
- H.requires
- I.expand
- J.external
- K.way
- L.spread
33
_____.
- A.anger
- B.just
c.especially - D.met
- E.common
- F.entire
- G.created
- H.requires
- I.expand
- J.external
- K.way
- L.spread
34
_____.
- A.anger
- B.just
c.especially - D.met
- E.common
- F.entire
- G.created
- H.requires
- I.expand
- J.external
- K.way
- L.spread
35
_____.
- A.anger
- B.just
c.especially - D.met
- E.common
- F.entire
- G.created
- H.requires
- I.expand
- J.external
- K.way
- L.spread
36
_____.
- A.anger
- B.just
c.especially - D.met
- E.common
- F.entire
- G.created
- H.requires
- I.expand
- J.external
- K.way
- L.spread
37
_____.
- A.anger
- B.just
c.especially - D.met
- E.common
- F.entire
- G.created
- H.requires
- I.expand
- J.external
- K.way
- L.spread
38
_____.
- A.anger
- B.just
c.especially - D.met
- E.common
- F.entire
- G.created
- H.requires
- I.expand
- J.external
- K.way
- L.spread
39
_____.
- A.anger
- B.just
c.especially - D.met
- E.common
- F.entire
- G.created
- H.requires
- I.expand
- J.external
- K.way
- L.spread
40
_____.
- A.anger
- B.just
c.especially - D.met
- E.common
- F.entire
- G.created
- H.requires
- I.expand
- J.external
- K.way
- L.spread
六、填词补文
每题1.5分，共10题，共15分。
41
“Friends” on Instant Messaging（即时通讯）
In the past, most people communicated (communicate) by phone or letter.Not many people had____41 __ (hear)of e-mail or Instant Messaging (IM).Today, many ___42___ (adult) send e-mails as their primary means of communication.Teenagers spend much of their time___43___ (use) IM to chat in real time.
With access to billions of people, the meaning of a "friend" has___44____(change).Online friends are often people that teenagers don't know in their real life.They may be people that teenagers met online by chance.
Such a relationship lacks real-life investment in a ___45___ (friend).Online friends don't ____46___ (real)know about one another.Therefore, these "friends" are more likely to be___47___ (kind).Furthermore, teenagers can ___48___(easy)be fooled.As a result, people who are ___49___ (hide)their real purpose are___50___ (increasing) targeting teenagers.
In the past, most people communicated (communicate) by phone or letter.Not many people had____41 __ (hear)of e-mail or Instant Messaging (IM).Today, many ___42___ (adult) send e-mails as their primary means of communication.Teenagers spend much of their time___43___ (use) IM to chat in real time.
With access to billions of people, the meaning of a "friend" has___44____(change).Online friends are often people that teenagers don't know in their real life.They may be people that teenagers met online by chance.
Such a relationship lacks real-life investment in a ___45___ (friend).Online friends don't ____46___ (real)know about one another.Therefore, these "friends" are more likely to be___47___ (kind).Furthermore, teenagers can ___48___(easy)be fooled.As a result, people who are ___49___ (hide)their real purpose are___50___ (increasing) targeting teenagers.
七、写作
每题30分，共1题，共30分。
42
请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇80词左右的英文写作任务。将你的答案写在答题卡 相应 的位置上。
某英文报社就周末休闲方式征稿，题目为“My Favorite Leisure Activity at Weekends＂。请你根据下面的内容要点，给报社 写一篇英文应征稿。
·简单陈述周末休闲的方式，如逛公园、看电影、购物等
·说明你最喜欢的休闲方式以及喜欢的原因
某英文报社就周末休闲方式征稿，题目为“My Favorite Leisure Activity at Weekends＂。请你根据下面的内容要点，给报社 写一篇英文应征稿。
·简单陈述周末休闲的方式，如逛公园、看电影、购物等
·说明你最喜欢的休闲方式以及喜欢的原因
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