2022年全国英语竞赛《B类英语专业》决赛试题（网友回忆版）
B类英语专业
历年真题
共 50 题
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更新于 2026-09-26
二、Part Ⅱ Vocabulary
15 marks
1
There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
Brighton is literally overflowing _____ hotels, guest houses and bed and breakfasts so you can still find accommodation at the last minute.
Brighton is literally overflowing _____ hotels, guest houses and bed and breakfasts so you can still find accommodation at the last minute.
- A.about
- B.with
- C.under
- D.for
2
Would you spend money on a product claiming to make you invisible or _____ one that allegedly helps you to lose weight while asleep?
- A.else
- B.other
- C.an other
- D.another
3
I’d sooner you _____ your essay now along with the others.
- A.did hand in
- B.had handed in
- C.hand in
- D.handed in
4
We should try to reduce the cost of _____ as much as possible.
- A.trip
- B.journey
- C.travel
- D.voyage
5
An _____ is made up from the first letters of the name of something like an organization or a product.
- A.acronym
- B.appendix
- C.alignment
- D.abbreviation
6
Polar bears and seals were _____ on camera by a photographer who grew up in the Arctic and was trained _____ a marine biologist.
- A.spotted; by
- B.witnessed; for
- C.captured; as
- D.observed; to
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Tina kept _____ at her watch to check how much time she had to finish the exam.
- A.gazing
- B.noticing
- C.glancing
- D.viewing
8
These viewpoints were _____ self-evident when Galileo first suggested them.
- A.at any rate
- B.by no means
- C.in any case
- D.on the average
9
Representatives are _____ an investigation into the scandal.
- A.calling for
- B.calling out
- C.calling in
- D.calling up
10
I always enjoy spending time with Dick because he’s got such a fantastically _____ sense of humour.
- A.contradictory
- B.quirky
- C.conventional
- D.skeptical
11
_____ his research, Dr. Olsweus has designed a program that has reduced bullying _____ 50 percent in 42 Norwegian schools.
- A.For sake of; to
- B.On the basis of; by
- C.In response to; by
- D.With regard to; to
12
Once known as the “Golden State” because of its gold mine, _____.
- A.there are few metallic minerals mined in North Carolina today
- B.today in North Carolina few metallic minerals are mined
- C.North Carolina today mines few metallic minerals
- D.few metallic minerals are mined in North Carolina today
13
_____ all her success, Taylor has firmly avoided the glitzy glare of fashion’s fast lane.
- A.Despite
- B.Along with
- C.Owing to
- D.Even
14
—How are things going with you and your roommate?
—Not very well. We’re supposed to share the groceries, but I end up feeding him three meals a day. My grocery bill is huge, you know.
—I know how you feel. I used to have a roommate like that too.
—I just don’t know how to tell him that he should pay half the grocery bill, because sometimes he treats me to a meal in a restaurant.
—Well, _____ Maybe you just need to have a heart-to-heart talk with him. If he refuses to mend his ways, then ask him to move out.
—Not very well. We’re supposed to share the groceries, but I end up feeding him three meals a day. My grocery bill is huge, you know.
—I know how you feel. I used to have a roommate like that too.
—I just don’t know how to tell him that he should pay half the grocery bill, because sometimes he treats me to a meal in a restaurant.
—Well, _____ Maybe you just need to have a heart-to-heart talk with him. If he refuses to mend his ways, then ask him to move out.
- A.behind bad luck comes good luck.
- B.by the skin of your teeth.
- C.what’s done can not be undone.
- D.honesty is the best policy.
15
John: She’s really pretty, isn’t she? Her skin looks so baby smooth!
Becky: Well, it’s just that she puts lots of make-up on her face. Actually, _____
John: Ah, I can smell jealousy in the air!
Becky: Well, it’s just that she puts lots of make-up on her face. Actually, _____
John: Ah, I can smell jealousy in the air!
- A.I don’t care what other people think.
- B.natural beauty comes from within.
- C.I really miss the good old days.
- D.you’d better take care of yourself.
三、Part Ⅲ Cloze
10 marks
Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word. Choose the correct word in one of the following three ways: according to the context, by using the correct form of the given word, or by using the given letter(s) of the word. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
Ancient Park under Threat
Pontefract Heritage Group is so concerned with the level of vandalism (破坏公物行为) at their ancient park that it has written to Council Leader Peter Box asking him to tackle the increasingly (46) _____ (worry) problem. In one of the most recent (47) inci_____, eight birch, ash and maple trees were sawn down. Pontefract’s bowling club is planning to create an exclusion zone by fencing off the greens to prevent (48) fur_____ extensive damage to them. These attacks come hot on the heels of damage inflicted on Pontefract Castle by gangs of youths who have ripped masonry (石块) (49) indiscri_____ from the ruins. Michael Holdsworth, Chairman of the Heritage group, yesterday commented: ‘(50) _____ (notice) damage has occurred over several years in the gardens and action taken to stop the culprits entering at night has so far been (51) _____(effect). And it’s not just the bad behaviour of teenagers which is wreaking havoc with the gardens. Adults misuse them too in the daytime (52) _____ parking on the grass and flower-beds.’
Earlier this year, English Heritage gave the gardens Grade Ⅱ status as a site of (53) hist_____ interest in a national register of parks and gardens. The gardens date back to the thirteenth century, (54) _____ the land formed part of the monastery gardens of Pontefract’s Dominican Firary. Earning a place in the register means that the local council is required to make provision for the protection of the gardens. Understandably, this means that more (55) inv_____ is now needed to tackle the problems facing the gardens and provide much-needed facilities.
Ancient Park under Threat
Pontefract Heritage Group is so concerned with the level of vandalism (破坏公物行为) at their ancient park that it has written to Council Leader Peter Box asking him to tackle the increasingly (46) _____ (worry) problem. In one of the most recent (47) inci_____, eight birch, ash and maple trees were sawn down. Pontefract’s bowling club is planning to create an exclusion zone by fencing off the greens to prevent (48) fur_____ extensive damage to them. These attacks come hot on the heels of damage inflicted on Pontefract Castle by gangs of youths who have ripped masonry (石块) (49) indiscri_____ from the ruins. Michael Holdsworth, Chairman of the Heritage group, yesterday commented: ‘(50) _____ (notice) damage has occurred over several years in the gardens and action taken to stop the culprits entering at night has so far been (51) _____(effect). And it’s not just the bad behaviour of teenagers which is wreaking havoc with the gardens. Adults misuse them too in the daytime (52) _____ parking on the grass and flower-beds.’
Earlier this year, English Heritage gave the gardens Grade Ⅱ status as a site of (53) hist_____ interest in a national register of parks and gardens. The gardens date back to the thirteenth century, (54) _____ the land formed part of the monastery gardens of Pontefract’s Dominican Firary. Earning a place in the register means that the local council is required to make provision for the protection of the gardens. Understandably, this means that more (55) inv_____ is now needed to tackle the problems facing the gardens and provide much-needed facilities.
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四、Part Ⅳ RC
30 marks（Reading Comprehension）
There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by several questions. Respond to the questions using information from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
Section A (10 marks)
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
How much money do you need to be happy? For many, the answer to this question is simple: ‘More!’ Despite paying lip service to the notion that money and material things are secondary to family, love, and friends, people all around the world still pursue money as if it is the only thing that can make them happy. Everyone seems to be working harder and harder for more money at the expense of spending time with their families. People are spending more than ever before, and falling deeper and deeper into debt each year. We want bigger homes in better neighborhoods, the latest cars, and bigger wide-screen TVs. It’s ‘the good life,’ and everyone is clamouring to get it. But does having and spending a lot of money really make us happier?
(56)_____ Some conclude that once you have enough money to meet basic needs, such as food and shelter, having more money does little to help your happiness and general satisfaction with life. As a matter of fact, a recent study of 1,000 people in the United States found that those earning $2,000 or less a month were slightly happier than those whose monthly income was above $8,000.
In the West and in Asia, people own more and spend more than their parents’ generation, yet some researchers claim that overall levels of happiness have remained even. While North Americans have twice as much spending power as they did in the 1950s, today they are ten times more likely to be depressed. Japan and Korea have become some of the wealthiest countries in the world, but they also have the third and fourth highest rates of suicide respectively. (57)_____ People are beginning to question the belief that wealth really makes our lives better. Indeed, the blind pursuit of being rich and consuming more and more products may actually do the reverse.
(58)_____The problem is that we quickly get used to having more money and new things. Initially, we may feel euphoric(愉悦的) when we get that bigger house or a new car, but we soon get used to having it, and then it doesn’t seem so special anymore. And when we hear that our friends or relatives now have bigger houses and newer cars, we become dissatisfied with what we have.
Indeed, money maybe more effective in making us unhappy, rather than the other way around. An increase in salary may only produce temporary happiness, but getting a decrease in salary can adversely affect happiness in the long term. We become used to a certain level of living and, when that is taken away, it is difficult for us to be satisfied with less.
Sociological researcher Glenn Firebaugh claims that it is not just a question of having or not having a lot of money. (59)_____ People can be quite satisfied with their salaries, for example, until they find out that their peer earn more. The desire to maintain equal or higher levels of income and purchasing habits as those around us (or ‘keeping up with the Joneses’, as the common expression goes) turns life into a never-ending competition. Says Firebaugh, ‘Rather than promoting overall happiness, continued income growth could promote an ongoing consumption race in which individuals consume more and more, just to maintain a constant level of happiness.’
Sociologists also point out that to earn a large amount of money we often have to sacrifice the things that really make us happy. Strong relationships, such as a loving family, a strong marriage and good friends are among the most powerful predictors of happiness and satisfaction with life. Simply finding what you love to do and having time to do it is also a key factor. In most cases, the amount of money you earn has little effect on these things and quite often requires us to actually spend less time doing what really makes us happy. High-paying jobs tend to be very demanding, and can leave people with little energy for loved ones and hobbies.
(60)_____ This is entirely up to you, but consider what you would like to say when you look back on your life in your retirement. ‘My marriage broke down, my children are strangers to me, and I usually felt miserable and stressed due to my high-powered job, but I drove the best car in the neighbourhood!’ Is that really what life is all about?
Questions 56 to 60:
Choose from the sentences A—G the one which best fits each gap of 56 to 60. There are two extra sentences which you do not need to use.
A. It is good to have money, but true happiness comes from other things.
B. So what place should money have in your life?
C. While countries with some of the highest rates of poverty often have the lowest rates of suicide.
D. People work harder for more money, but this result in less time to spend with their families.
E. Researchers have been interested for a long time in the link between income and happiness.
F. The key factor is whether or not you have a lot of money compared to those around you.
G. Why do more money and more things fail to make us happier?
Section A (10 marks)
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
How much money do you need to be happy? For many, the answer to this question is simple: ‘More!’ Despite paying lip service to the notion that money and material things are secondary to family, love, and friends, people all around the world still pursue money as if it is the only thing that can make them happy. Everyone seems to be working harder and harder for more money at the expense of spending time with their families. People are spending more than ever before, and falling deeper and deeper into debt each year. We want bigger homes in better neighborhoods, the latest cars, and bigger wide-screen TVs. It’s ‘the good life,’ and everyone is clamouring to get it. But does having and spending a lot of money really make us happier?
(56)_____ Some conclude that once you have enough money to meet basic needs, such as food and shelter, having more money does little to help your happiness and general satisfaction with life. As a matter of fact, a recent study of 1,000 people in the United States found that those earning $2,000 or less a month were slightly happier than those whose monthly income was above $8,000.
In the West and in Asia, people own more and spend more than their parents’ generation, yet some researchers claim that overall levels of happiness have remained even. While North Americans have twice as much spending power as they did in the 1950s, today they are ten times more likely to be depressed. Japan and Korea have become some of the wealthiest countries in the world, but they also have the third and fourth highest rates of suicide respectively. (57)_____ People are beginning to question the belief that wealth really makes our lives better. Indeed, the blind pursuit of being rich and consuming more and more products may actually do the reverse.
(58)_____The problem is that we quickly get used to having more money and new things. Initially, we may feel euphoric(愉悦的) when we get that bigger house or a new car, but we soon get used to having it, and then it doesn’t seem so special anymore. And when we hear that our friends or relatives now have bigger houses and newer cars, we become dissatisfied with what we have.
Indeed, money maybe more effective in making us unhappy, rather than the other way around. An increase in salary may only produce temporary happiness, but getting a decrease in salary can adversely affect happiness in the long term. We become used to a certain level of living and, when that is taken away, it is difficult for us to be satisfied with less.Sociological researcher Glenn Firebaugh claims that it is not just a question of having or not having a lot of money. (59)_____ People can be quite satisfied with their salaries, for example, until they find out that their peer earn more. The desire to maintain equal or higher levels of income and purchasing habits as those around us (or ‘keeping up with the Joneses’, as the common expression goes) turns life into a never-ending competition. Says Firebaugh, ‘Rather than promoting overall happiness, continued income growth could promote an ongoing consumption race in which individuals consume more and more, just to maintain a constant level of happiness.’
Sociologists also point out that to earn a large amount of money we often have to sacrifice the things that really make us happy. Strong relationships, such as a loving family, a strong marriage and good friends are among the most powerful predictors of happiness and satisfaction with life. Simply finding what you love to do and having time to do it is also a key factor. In most cases, the amount of money you earn has little effect on these things and quite often requires us to actually spend less time doing what really makes us happy. High-paying jobs tend to be very demanding, and can leave people with little energy for loved ones and hobbies.
(60)_____ This is entirely up to you, but consider what you would like to say when you look back on your life in your retirement. ‘My marriage broke down, my children are strangers to me, and I usually felt miserable and stressed due to my high-powered job, but I drove the best car in the neighbourhood!’ Is that really what life is all about?
Questions 56 to 60:
Choose from the sentences A—G the one which best fits each gap of 56 to 60. There are two extra sentences which you do not need to use.
A. It is good to have money, but true happiness comes from other things.
B. So what place should money have in your life?
C. While countries with some of the highest rates of poverty often have the lowest rates of suicide.
D. People work harder for more money, but this result in less time to spend with their families.
E. Researchers have been interested for a long time in the link between income and happiness.
F. The key factor is whether or not you have a lot of money compared to those around you.
G. Why do more money and more things fail to make us happier?
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Section B (10 marks)
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
The witness testified that she had heard the defendant confess to stealing a car. She was sitting on a park bench, she said, when the defendant, speaking loudly and pointing forcefully toward the parking lot, told another man he had just “jacked that silver Toyota.” She said she could easily overhear it because the defendant was standing only about 50 yards northeast of her. She knew it was him because he was on a small hill where she could easily see him. The prosecutor thanked her and she sat down.
It was the defense attorney’s turn. His strategy was to make the jury doubt what they had just heard. He called a new witness, a meteorologist. People throughout the courtroom wondered: Why call a weather expert?
The expert confidently stated that it had been sunny with excellent visibility on the day in question. Weather records said so. Could the previous witness have seen the defendant talking? The weather would not have been a problem, the expert said. Could she have overheard what he said? “Well, the way she described it, probably not. The wind was a bit strong that day, out of the southwest at about 15 miles per hour. He was northeast of her and standing on a hill. Sound waves heading into wind get pushed upward. By the time they had traveled 50 yards, they would have been too high to reach her ears.”
This case exhibits how meteorology can be considered a branch of forensic science. The term forensics comes from a Latin word that means “arguing for or against a position.” In common modern usage it means “the practice of discovering material that can be used in court cases or other disputes.” Sciences from anthropology to zoology have been put to forensic use. Forensic meteorology can contribute to the picture of the conditions surrounding a crime or an accident. Rather than providing a forecast of what the weather might be in the future, forensic meteorologists specialize in “backcasts” of what the weather was at a given time in the past.
Weather phenomena have been measured and carefully recorded for hundreds of years. In the United States, daily records of air temperature, sky conditions, precipitation, and wind are available for almost any inhabited place. What was the weather in New York like for George Washington’s 1789 inauguration as the first president? Clear skies with a high temperature of 59° Fahrenheit. Anyone with an Internet connection can find that information in five minutes, without any assistance from a highly paid meteorologist. An expert’s true value is presenting data to orient you to the general circumstances and then interpreting that data and pointing out possibilities. The expert analysis draws scattered facts together into a coherent picture.
For example, imagine that a farmer wants his insurance company to pay for storm damage to his crops. A large section of his cornfield has been flattened. Official records say hail fell that day. He blames the hail for the damage to his crops, and his policy (保险单) clearly covers hail damage. His insurance company disputes the core argument of his case—that the damage was done by hail. The company denies the claim. The farmer, moved to action by the prospect of collecting tens of thousands of dollars, takes the company to court.
The insurance company calls in a forensic meteorologist. The company’s lawyer shows photographs of the farmer’s damaged corn-stalks, which all fell to the ground in the same direction. The destructive energy of hail, she testifies, produces damage from above not from the side. She also says that sophisticated radar data show that the storm, as it passed over the farm, lacked the strong updrafts needed to produce hail. Hail was recorded at the weather station 30 miles away, about 6 minutes before the storm reached the farm. But in that short interval, the character of the storm changed. This evidence has given the judge strong doubts about the farmers claim. These doubts are reinforced when the meteorologist explains that radar data also show an extremely strong burst of wind at the farm’s location. The judge eventually rules that the crop damage was caused not by hail but by wind. The farmer’s policy does not cover wind damage.
The tools of forensic meteorology continually get more precise, more affordable, and easier to use. Any eager entrepreneur who wants to start a weather-consulting business can buy and operate the necessary equipment. So what ensures that someone claiming to be a forensic meteorologist really is? Nether the federal government nor any state officially licenses meteorologists. The best route to professional status is to earn the title of Certified Consulting Meteorologist from the American Meteorological Society (AMS). Experts with that credential have demonstrated to the AMS that they know what they are doing and are honest. Those are very good qualities to have when you step up to the witness stand in a court of law.
Questions 61 to 65
Answer the following questions with the information given in the passage.
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
The witness testified that she had heard the defendant confess to stealing a car. She was sitting on a park bench, she said, when the defendant, speaking loudly and pointing forcefully toward the parking lot, told another man he had just “jacked that silver Toyota.” She said she could easily overhear it because the defendant was standing only about 50 yards northeast of her. She knew it was him because he was on a small hill where she could easily see him. The prosecutor thanked her and she sat down.
It was the defense attorney’s turn. His strategy was to make the jury doubt what they had just heard. He called a new witness, a meteorologist. People throughout the courtroom wondered: Why call a weather expert?The expert confidently stated that it had been sunny with excellent visibility on the day in question. Weather records said so. Could the previous witness have seen the defendant talking? The weather would not have been a problem, the expert said. Could she have overheard what he said? “Well, the way she described it, probably not. The wind was a bit strong that day, out of the southwest at about 15 miles per hour. He was northeast of her and standing on a hill. Sound waves heading into wind get pushed upward. By the time they had traveled 50 yards, they would have been too high to reach her ears.”
This case exhibits how meteorology can be considered a branch of forensic science. The term forensics comes from a Latin word that means “arguing for or against a position.” In common modern usage it means “the practice of discovering material that can be used in court cases or other disputes.” Sciences from anthropology to zoology have been put to forensic use. Forensic meteorology can contribute to the picture of the conditions surrounding a crime or an accident. Rather than providing a forecast of what the weather might be in the future, forensic meteorologists specialize in “backcasts” of what the weather was at a given time in the past.
Weather phenomena have been measured and carefully recorded for hundreds of years. In the United States, daily records of air temperature, sky conditions, precipitation, and wind are available for almost any inhabited place. What was the weather in New York like for George Washington’s 1789 inauguration as the first president? Clear skies with a high temperature of 59° Fahrenheit. Anyone with an Internet connection can find that information in five minutes, without any assistance from a highly paid meteorologist. An expert’s true value is presenting data to orient you to the general circumstances and then interpreting that data and pointing out possibilities. The expert analysis draws scattered facts together into a coherent picture.
For example, imagine that a farmer wants his insurance company to pay for storm damage to his crops. A large section of his cornfield has been flattened. Official records say hail fell that day. He blames the hail for the damage to his crops, and his policy (保险单) clearly covers hail damage. His insurance company disputes the core argument of his case—that the damage was done by hail. The company denies the claim. The farmer, moved to action by the prospect of collecting tens of thousands of dollars, takes the company to court.
The insurance company calls in a forensic meteorologist. The company’s lawyer shows photographs of the farmer’s damaged corn-stalks, which all fell to the ground in the same direction. The destructive energy of hail, she testifies, produces damage from above not from the side. She also says that sophisticated radar data show that the storm, as it passed over the farm, lacked the strong updrafts needed to produce hail. Hail was recorded at the weather station 30 miles away, about 6 minutes before the storm reached the farm. But in that short interval, the character of the storm changed. This evidence has given the judge strong doubts about the farmers claim. These doubts are reinforced when the meteorologist explains that radar data also show an extremely strong burst of wind at the farm’s location. The judge eventually rules that the crop damage was caused not by hail but by wind. The farmer’s policy does not cover wind damage.
The tools of forensic meteorology continually get more precise, more affordable, and easier to use. Any eager entrepreneur who wants to start a weather-consulting business can buy and operate the necessary equipment. So what ensures that someone claiming to be a forensic meteorologist really is? Nether the federal government nor any state officially licenses meteorologists. The best route to professional status is to earn the title of Certified Consulting Meteorologist from the American Meteorological Society (AMS). Experts with that credential have demonstrated to the AMS that they know what they are doing and are honest. Those are very good qualities to have when you step up to the witness stand in a court of law.Questions 61 to 65
Answer the following questions with the information given in the passage.
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What role can forensic meteorology play in solving crimes?
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What does the underlined word “precipitation” in the fifth paragraph mean in English?
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What is a forensic meteorologist supposed to do in a court?
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Why couldn’t the farmer be compensated for his damaged crops?
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Who can become a forensic meteorologist according to the passage?
Section C (10 marks)
Questions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.
Over time, new diseases develop that cannot be cured with the medicines we have. Also, many medicines that once cured common diseases sometimes lose their power to cure. For these reasons, modern drug companies are constantly looking for new medicines to help doctors cure both new and common diseases. One place that drug companies are looking is in the rainforests of the world. Scientists believe that new plants from the rainforests or simple medicines from rainforest peoples might be sources for future miracle drugs.
Four hundred years ago, just such a miracle drug was found to cure malaria. In 1633, a fortunate event occurred. A Spanish priest was sent as a missionary to Peru. He wanted to minister to the native Indians there and convert them to his religion. While he was teaching, however, he learned something. The village healer—the only medical practitioner the people had ever known—was making a powder from the bark of the cinchona tree. He used this powder to cure malaria. The priest brought some of this miracle powder home to Europe, where malaria was a serious disease at the time. European began using the bark to cure malaria. Soon Europeans implemented overseas searches for sources of the tree bark. After many years, scientists identified the ingredient in the tree bark that cured malaria. It was quinine. By 1827, quinine was commercially produced and became the primary treatment for malaria throughout the world. By the 1960s, however, quinine’s ability to kill the malaria parasite had declined because the parasite was becoming resistant to it.
About this time, another fortunate event occurred. Scientists in China were digging up ancient cities. One city was a place where people had resided 2,000 years earlier. The scientists discovered that the ancient people had used a plant, called wormwood, to cure fevers. Scientists collected living samples of the plant to test. They found that wormwood contained artemisinin. This chemical killed malaria parasites. Today, artemisinin is used in various mixtures with other drugs to treat people who have malaria.
Aspirin is another ancient medicine. Its history dates back over 2,000 years, when ancient Greek physicians made a tea from willow bark to ease pain and lower fever. People continued to use willow bark as a home remedy for centuries. Modern scientists identified salicylic acid as the special ingredient in the bark that eased pain and fever. Soon, drug companies were making aspirin tablets containing salicylic acid. Today, aspirin is one of the most widely used drugs in the world. Around 100 billion aspirin tablets are produced each year.
Not all medical histories are centuries old. The story of taxol is an example of how miracle drugs are still being found in the world’s forests. In 1966, scientists discovered a powerful chemical in the bark of the Pacific yew tree. This chemical could stop cell growth. They believed it would be useful in treating the unnatural cell growth of cancer. Soon, taxol was being used in intensive treatments for certain kinds of cancers. Scientists think that many medicines may still be hidden in the rainforests of the word. As a result, over 100 companies that manufacture drugs are searching for new rainforest plants and testing them for possible medical use.
Unfortunately, access to these rainforest plants in rapidly disappearing. Lagging companies are cutting down the rainforest trees and selling the wood. Commercial developers are laboring hard to clear the land for houses, farms, towns, and roads. Clearly, the priorities of the scientists conflict with the priorities for the business people. The scientists want time to find plants that might cure diseases. The business people want to make money from the plants that grow there.
Experts believe that about 50,000 species of plants, animals, and insects every year because rainforests are being destroyed. Scientists fear that when rainforest species disappear, many possible cures for diseases will disappear with them. They also fear that when rainforests disappear, the villages of the native people who reside there will also disappear. When the people leave, their healers also leave. These practitioners are the only individuals who know the secrets of healing sick people with forest plants.
Questions 66 to 70
Complete the summary below with information from the passage, using no more than three words for each blank.
For most of human history, scientists have constantly looking for new drugs to cure us of the diseases. Malaria was a serious heath problem 400 years ago. A Spanish priest occasionally discovered that the local healer treated the malaria with powder from (66)_____ of the cinchona tree, which later was known as quinine. Ancient Chinese also invented away to cure the disease, which was called (67)_____. Aspirin was another ancient medicine that could ease (68)_____ and is one of the worldwide used drugs now. Unluckily, these rainforest plants were disappearing rapidly, the priorities of rainforest loggers (69)_____ the priorities of scientists. Modern drugs companies sent scientists into the rainforests to learn the secrets from (70)_____ before they are lost forever.
Questions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.
Over time, new diseases develop that cannot be cured with the medicines we have. Also, many medicines that once cured common diseases sometimes lose their power to cure. For these reasons, modern drug companies are constantly looking for new medicines to help doctors cure both new and common diseases. One place that drug companies are looking is in the rainforests of the world. Scientists believe that new plants from the rainforests or simple medicines from rainforest peoples might be sources for future miracle drugs.
Four hundred years ago, just such a miracle drug was found to cure malaria. In 1633, a fortunate event occurred. A Spanish priest was sent as a missionary to Peru. He wanted to minister to the native Indians there and convert them to his religion. While he was teaching, however, he learned something. The village healer—the only medical practitioner the people had ever known—was making a powder from the bark of the cinchona tree. He used this powder to cure malaria. The priest brought some of this miracle powder home to Europe, where malaria was a serious disease at the time. European began using the bark to cure malaria. Soon Europeans implemented overseas searches for sources of the tree bark. After many years, scientists identified the ingredient in the tree bark that cured malaria. It was quinine. By 1827, quinine was commercially produced and became the primary treatment for malaria throughout the world. By the 1960s, however, quinine’s ability to kill the malaria parasite had declined because the parasite was becoming resistant to it.About this time, another fortunate event occurred. Scientists in China were digging up ancient cities. One city was a place where people had resided 2,000 years earlier. The scientists discovered that the ancient people had used a plant, called wormwood, to cure fevers. Scientists collected living samples of the plant to test. They found that wormwood contained artemisinin. This chemical killed malaria parasites. Today, artemisinin is used in various mixtures with other drugs to treat people who have malaria.
Aspirin is another ancient medicine. Its history dates back over 2,000 years, when ancient Greek physicians made a tea from willow bark to ease pain and lower fever. People continued to use willow bark as a home remedy for centuries. Modern scientists identified salicylic acid as the special ingredient in the bark that eased pain and fever. Soon, drug companies were making aspirin tablets containing salicylic acid. Today, aspirin is one of the most widely used drugs in the world. Around 100 billion aspirin tablets are produced each year.
Not all medical histories are centuries old. The story of taxol is an example of how miracle drugs are still being found in the world’s forests. In 1966, scientists discovered a powerful chemical in the bark of the Pacific yew tree. This chemical could stop cell growth. They believed it would be useful in treating the unnatural cell growth of cancer. Soon, taxol was being used in intensive treatments for certain kinds of cancers. Scientists think that many medicines may still be hidden in the rainforests of the word. As a result, over 100 companies that manufacture drugs are searching for new rainforest plants and testing them for possible medical use.Unfortunately, access to these rainforest plants in rapidly disappearing. Lagging companies are cutting down the rainforest trees and selling the wood. Commercial developers are laboring hard to clear the land for houses, farms, towns, and roads. Clearly, the priorities of the scientists conflict with the priorities for the business people. The scientists want time to find plants that might cure diseases. The business people want to make money from the plants that grow there.
Experts believe that about 50,000 species of plants, animals, and insects every year because rainforests are being destroyed. Scientists fear that when rainforest species disappear, many possible cures for diseases will disappear with them. They also fear that when rainforests disappear, the villages of the native people who reside there will also disappear. When the people leave, their healers also leave. These practitioners are the only individuals who know the secrets of healing sick people with forest plants.
Questions 66 to 70
Complete the summary below with information from the passage, using no more than three words for each blank.
For most of human history, scientists have constantly looking for new drugs to cure us of the diseases. Malaria was a serious heath problem 400 years ago. A Spanish priest occasionally discovered that the local healer treated the malaria with powder from (66)_____ of the cinchona tree, which later was known as quinine. Ancient Chinese also invented away to cure the disease, which was called (67)_____. Aspirin was another ancient medicine that could ease (68)_____ and is one of the worldwide used drugs now. Unluckily, these rainforest plants were disappearing rapidly, the priorities of rainforest loggers (69)_____ the priorities of scientists. Modern drugs companies sent scientists into the rainforests to learn the secrets from (70)_____ before they are lost forever.
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五、Part Ⅴ Translation
15 marks
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Section A (5 marks)
Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
During its bid for the 2022 Winter Olympics, China made a commitment to the international community to “engage 300 million people in ice and snow activities”, and recent statistics showed that the country has achieved this goal. By January, over 346 million people have participated in winter sports since 2015, when Beijing was selected to host the event, according to the National Bureau of Statistics. The country has also greatly boosted investment in winter sports infrastructure, equipment manufacturing, snow and ice tourism and winter sports education. The data showed that China now has 654 standard ice rinks, 803 indoor and outdoor ski resorts. The number of snow and ice leisure tourism trips in 2020-2021 snow season reached 230 million, generating income of over 390 billion yuan. The general pubic has also shown increasing interest in winter sports.
Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
During its bid for the 2022 Winter Olympics, China made a commitment to the international community to “engage 300 million people in ice and snow activities”, and recent statistics showed that the country has achieved this goal. By January, over 346 million people have participated in winter sports since 2015, when Beijing was selected to host the event, according to the National Bureau of Statistics. The country has also greatly boosted investment in winter sports infrastructure, equipment manufacturing, snow and ice tourism and winter sports education. The data showed that China now has 654 standard ice rinks, 803 indoor and outdoor ski resorts. The number of snow and ice leisure tourism trips in 2020-2021 snow season reached 230 million, generating income of over 390 billion yuan. The general pubic has also shown increasing interest in winter sports.
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Section B (10 marks)
Translate the following paragraph into English. Remember to write the answers on the answers sheet.
自1956年建立第一个自然保护区(nature reserve)以来，中国已建立各级各类自然保护区近万处，约占其陆地总面积的18%。近年来，中国一直在努力建立一套完整的自然保护区体系，以进一步保护栖息地、改善生态环境和维护国家生态安全。从2015年开始，先后启动包括三江源在内的10处国家公园的建设，整合相关自然保护区划入国家公园范围，实行统一管理、整体保护和系统修复。构建科学合理的自然保护区体系将使90%的陆地生态系统和71%的国家重点保护野生动植物物种得到有效保护。
Translate the following paragraph into English. Remember to write the answers on the answers sheet.
自1956年建立第一个自然保护区(nature reserve)以来，中国已建立各级各类自然保护区近万处，约占其陆地总面积的18%。近年来，中国一直在努力建立一套完整的自然保护区体系，以进一步保护栖息地、改善生态环境和维护国家生态安全。从2015年开始，先后启动包括三江源在内的10处国家公园的建设，整合相关自然保护区划入国家公园范围，实行统一管理、整体保护和系统修复。构建科学合理的自然保护区体系将使90%的陆地生态系统和71%的国家重点保护野生动植物物种得到有效保护。
六、Part Ⅵ EC
10 marks（Error Correction）
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There are 10 errors altogether in the following passage. The errors are: missing words, unnecessary words and wrong words. Please correct them as follows: for a missing word, mark its position with the symbol “∧” and write it; for an unnecessary word, cross it out with the symbol“＼”; for a wrong word, underline it and write the correct word. An example of how to correct the error is provided below. Write the answers on the answer sheet.
People wear clothes to protect their bodies from the cold or the burning sun, from insect bites and injuries, and from the welcome eyes of strangers. However, what people wear can also convey a message of who they are and their role in society.
For example, visit nearly any country in the world and you will notice that young people anywhere are wearing fashionable blue jeans, not for work, but for social occasion such as parties and concerts. The jeans are somewhat of an index of how these young people view themselves: I’m modern and stylish. I’m relaxing and confident. I’m different from the traditional older generation. Jeans make such an important statement that, in some groups, a person might judged by the brand of jeans he or she is wearing. As a result, some young people feel pressure into spending hundreds of dollars to acquire a single pair of designer jeans just to be in fashion. Just as blue jeans say a great deal about the people who are wearing them, so do the Western business suit. The business suit is such conventional that it is analogous with a uniform in other occupations. A uniform identifies the occupation of many people. Military persons are easy to identify by their uniforms. In certain contexts, special clothing is worn to differentiate not only the occupation of people, but also their authority.
People wear clothes to protect their bodies from the cold or the burning sun, from insect bites and injuries, and from the welcome eyes of strangers. However, what people wear can also convey a message of who they are and their role in society.
For example, visit nearly any country in the world and you will notice that young people anywhere are wearing fashionable blue jeans, not for work, but for social occasion such as parties and concerts. The jeans are somewhat of an index of how these young people view themselves: I’m modern and stylish. I’m relaxing and confident. I’m different from the traditional older generation. Jeans make such an important statement that, in some groups, a person might judged by the brand of jeans he or she is wearing. As a result, some young people feel pressure into spending hundreds of dollars to acquire a single pair of designer jeans just to be in fashion. Just as blue jeans say a great deal about the people who are wearing them, so do the Western business suit. The business suit is such conventional that it is analogous with a uniform in other occupations. A uniform identifies the occupation of many people. Military persons are easy to identify by their uniforms. In certain contexts, special clothing is worn to differentiate not only the occupation of people, but also their authority.
七、Part Ⅶ IQ Test
10 marks
44
There are five IQ Test questions in this part. Write the answers on the answer sheet.
Put B’s words in order to complete the conversations.
A: Have you ever been to Prague?
B: Yes, I of the hand like my back it know _____.
Put B’s words in order to complete the conversations.
A: Have you ever been to Prague?
B: Yes, I of the hand like my back it know _____.
45
Which letter is hiding in the following diagram?
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Which of the choices best replaces the question mark?
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Think of one word which can be used appropriately in all three sentences.
● The Maths test was so hard that _____ Hilda found it difficult.
● See if you can get _____numbers of the staff and students so that everyone can take part in the quiz.
● Kit wore a brace on his teeth for five years to get them _____.
● The Maths test was so hard that _____ Hilda found it difficult.
● See if you can get _____numbers of the staff and students so that everyone can take part in the quiz.
● Kit wore a brace on his teeth for five years to get them _____.
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Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and eight words, including the given. Here is an example.
八、Part Ⅷ Writing
30 marks
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Section A (10 marks)
Look at the diagrams below and make a note of the main point of each section. What is the Earth’s energy cycle? Explain how the Earth gains and loses energy. Write at least 120 words on the answer sheet.
Look at the diagrams below and make a note of the main point of each section. What is the Earth’s energy cycle? Explain how the Earth gains and loses energy. Write at least 120 words on the answer sheet.
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Section B (20 marks)
Write about the following topic:
Many people think that having access to all-day news is a good thing. Since the introduction of modern communications systems, such as satellite TV and the Internet, news coverage has grown from two or three bulletins a day to a 24-hour news cycle with a constantly undated flow of information. We can access news when we are on the move. The question is whether more news is necessary.
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write the essay in at least 160 words on the answer sheet.
Write about the following topic:
Many people think that having access to all-day news is a good thing. Since the introduction of modern communications systems, such as satellite TV and the Internet, news coverage has grown from two or three bulletins a day to a 24-hour news cycle with a constantly undated flow of information. We can access news when we are on the move. The question is whether more news is necessary.
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write the essay in at least 160 words on the answer sheet.
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