2027年硕士研究生《英语一》考前点题卷二
英语一
考前点题
共 48 题
3401 次浏览
更新于 2026-09-26
一、完形填空
下列每小题的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题意的正确答案，多选、错选或不选均不得分。
We are the only humans, but not so long ago we had company.Some of the other human species were more technologically 1, had been around for much longer—a million years—or had brains as big or bigger than ours.If we were not the strongest or the smartest, how did we win? 2 with other human species, it 3 we were the friendliest.What allowed us to 4 was a kind of cognitive superpower: a particular type of kindness called cooperative communication.It is the gateway to a sophisticated social and cultural world.It allows us to 5 our minds into the minds of others and inherit the knowledge of generations.It is the 6 for all forms of culture and learning, including sophisticated language.This friendliness evolved 7 self-domestication.Domestication is a process that 8 intense selection for friendliness.When an animal is domesticated, 9 becoming much friendlier, it 10 many changes that appear completely 11 to one another.This domestication syndrome 12 in the shape of the face, the size of the teeth and the pigmentation of different body parts or hair; it includes changes to hormones, reproductive cycles and the nervous system.13 we think of domestication as something that we do to animals, it can also 14 through natural selection, a process known as self-domestication.The 15 of human self-domestication would have 16 to both the increase in population and the revolution technology.Friendliness 17 these changes by 18 groups of innovators together in a way other human species never could.Self-domestication gave us a superpower, and in the blink of an evolutionary eye, we took 19 the world.One by one, every other human species 20.
1
第1题答案是
- A.illiterate
- B.challenged
- C.ambitious
- D.advanced
2
第2题答案是
- A.Combined
- B.Compared
- C.Correlated
- D.Confronted
3
第3题答案是
- A.insists on
- B.sums up
- C.turns out
- D.puts forward
4
第4题答案是
- A.perceive
- B.interact
- C.adapt
- D.thrive
5
第5题答案是
- A.plug
- B.pour
- C.translate
- D.transplant
6
第6题答案是
- A.obstacle
- B.foundation
- C.reward
- D.explanation
7
第7题答案是
- A.out
- B.through
- C.from
- D.into
8
第8题答案是
- A.promises
- B.confines
- C.involves
- D.conceals
9
第9题答案是
- A.in return for
- B.in addition to
- C.in spite of
- D.in terms of
10
第10题答案是
- A.undergoes
- B.connects
- C.combines
- D.removes
11
第11题答案是
- A.contrary
- B.dedicated
- C.unnecessary
- D.unrelated
12
第12题答案是
- A.breaks out
- B.shows up
- C.fades away
- D.carries on
13
第13题答案是
- A.When
- B.Since
- C.Although
- D.Unless
14
第14题答案是
- A.revive
- B.remain
- C.vanish
- D.occur
15
第15题答案是
- A.arrival
- B.control
- C.end
- D.return
16
第16题答案是
- A.resorted
- B.stuck
- C.applied
- D.led
17
第17题答案是
- A.displayed
- B.justified
- C.drove
- D.repelled
18
第18题答案是
- A.separating
- B.linking
- C.seeking
- D.choosing
19
第19题答案是
- A.after
- B.on
- C.off
- D.over
20
第20题答案是
- A.flourished
- B.evolved
- C.disappeared
- D.migrated
二、阅读理解Part A
下列每小题的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题意的正确答案，多选、错选或不选均不得分。
A global digital currency would make sending money across the world as easy as texting.It would do away with fees, delays and other barriers to the flow of cash.It might give those in less developed countries access to the financial system and a means to protect hard-earned wages against runaway inflation.It could trigger a wave of innovation in finance, much as the internet did in online services.Within a year, Facebook will launch a new currency to be known as Libra, in honour of an ancient Roman unit of mass.Inevitably, Facebook dished out a generous helping of trendy words like crypto and blockchain.Unable to contain its appetite for Silicon Valley platitudes, Facebook claimed that its mission was to "empower billions of people".Making money or strengthening its market power are, apparently, a sideshow.The commercial potential is indeed significant—as are the potential problems.If each of Facebook's 2.4bn users converted a slice of their savings into Libras, it could become a widely circulated currency.It could also, if broadly adopted, vest unprecedented power in the hands of its issuer.Except that, unlike Bitcoins and other cryptocurrencies, Libras will change hands in seconds, not minutes, for next to nothing, not a few dollars.The system should handle 1,000 transactions a second at its launch, compared with no more than seven a second for Bitcoin.The virtual coins will be bought with real money, which will top up the reserve backing the currency.This should prevent wild price swings from speculation.If it works, Libra could be a money-spinner for Facebook.Notional transaction fees would not generate much revenue.But Libras should allow Facebook to charge more for online ads, by making purchases of advertised products quicker and simpler.Chary consumers may choose not to entrust their money to a social network which has, until recently, leaked their personal data left and fight.Unless users are on board, merchants may be reluctant to embrace the currency, however hassle-free.Libra's success, then, is far from assured.But it could prove useful even if it flops, for it offers a blueprint for how Facebook itself could one day be governed.The Libra Association's main task is to oversee the blockchain, ensuring, for instance, that Calibra does not enjoy privileged access to it.Asked whether Libra could serve as a model for Facebook, David Marcus, who is in charge of the project, replies that it marks "a coming of age, the moment we recognise that there are somethings that we shouldn't control—and a radical departure from the traditional way of operating things".Perhaps.But checks and balances would almost certainly make Facebook less profitable.It would be ironic if a new digital currency marked the beginning of the end of Facebook's money-minting days.
21
According to Paragraph 1, global digital currency can .
- A.resist currency devaluation in developing countries
- B.enhance the financial stability
- C.build obstacles to money flow
- D.help corporations achieve larger profits
22
The comparison of Libra and other cryptocurrencies is used to illustrate .
- A.the approaches to promoting speculation
- B.the prevalence of other cryptocurrencies
- C.the significance of real currency
- D.the advantages of Libra over other cryptocurrencies
23
The word "flops" (Para.6) most probably means .
- A.fail
- B.prosper
- C.complement
- D.vary
24
David Marcus is quoted to indicate .
- A.the solid structure of Facebook operating system
- B.Facebook's confidence in making profit
- C.the reflections of ways to operate digital currency
- D.the reversion of profitability of Facebook
25
Which of the following can best describe the attitude of the author towards Libra?
- A.Opposition
- B.Neutrality
- C.Approval
- D.Suspicion
Almost four in 10 university students are addicted to their smartphones, and their habit plays havoc with their sleep, research has found.A study of 1,043 students aged 18-30 at King's College London found that 406 (38.9%) displayed symptoms of smartphone addiction, as defined by a clinical tool devised to diagnose the problem.More than two-thirds (68.7%) of the addicts had trouble sleeping, compared with 57.1% of those who were not addicted to their device.Students who used their phone after midnight or for four or more hours a day were most likely to be at high risk of displaying addictive use of their device.Participants were judged to be addicts if they could not control how long they spent on their phone, felt distressed when they could not access their phone, or neglected other, more meaningful parts of their life because they were busy on their device.Academics found that the youngest participants in the study were most likely to be addicted, while Asian (45.5%), black (41.9%) and mixed-race (38%) students were more likely than white (32.3%) ones to be deemed an addict.The findings, published in the journal Frontiers in Psychiatry, have prompted renewed concern about the close association between smartphone use and the difficulty some users can have in getting a good night's sleep."Our study provides further support to the growing body of evidence that smartphone 'addiction' has a negative impact on sleep", said Dr Ben Carter, a co-author of the paper and senior lecturer at the Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience at King's."The association is still significant even after adjusting for daily screen time use." The authors say that while their findings show that the length of time someone spends every day using their device is a significant predictor of addiction, other factors are involved too.For example, 20.3% of those who used their phone for two hours a day or less were judged to be addicted.However, 53.9% of those who used it for more than five hours were addicted.The time at which someone put their phone down for the last time before going to sleep was important too." Of those that stopped using their device more than an hour before bedtime, 23.8% exhibited addiction, compared to 42% of those stopping less than 30 minutes before bedtime," the paper reports.Among those under 21 in the study, 42.2% were found to be addicted, compared with 34.2% of those aged 22-25 and 28% of those aged 26 or over.Dr Bernadka Dubicka, the chair of the faculty of child and adolescent psychiatry at the Royal College of Psychiatrists, said: "The negative impact of smartphone use on sleep is very concerning from a mental health perspective.Many young people have struggled with their sleep and mental health during this pandemic and poor quality or insufficient sleep can be both a symptom and a cause of mental health problems." "Regular smartphone use before bed, which may be seen in 'smartphone addiction', can significantly affect sleep.Keeping a good sleep routine is vital for young people's health and wellbeing and young people should try to limit their smartphone use late at night, for example, by charging their phone in a different room to their bedroom."
26
According to the research of 1,043 students aged 18-30 at King's College London, it can be inferred that .
- A.many people like to play with their phones before sleep
- B.smart phone addiction can seriously affect people's sleep
- C.sleep problems will result in addiction to smartphones
- D.college students are more likely to be addicted to phones
27
According to Paragraph 2, which of the following statements is true of smartphone addiction?
- A.It is more prevalent in young adults.
- B.Race is not an influencing factor of smartphone addiction.
- C.It is associated with smartphone use late at night.
- D.It will affect people's normal life.
28
According to Dr Ben Carter, the effect of smartphone addiction on sleep will .
- A.become greater with people's addiction deepens
- B.increase if people don't control their daily screen time
- C.disappear as people adjust their daily sleeping habits
- D.persist after people decrease the time spent on smartphone
29
In the end, Dr Bernadka Dubicka's purpose is to .
- A.highlight the necessity of using smartphone in daily life
- B.provide suggestions for young people to kick the addiction
- C.warn young people about the dangers of smartphone addiction
- D.emphasize the importance of keeping a good sleep routine
30
Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
- A.The Truth About Smartphone Addiction
- B.Less Screen Time for More Sleep
- C.Smartphone Addiction and Sleep
- D.Symptoms of Smartphone Addiction
Spooked—especially by the irritation of American politicians, who regulate them—Some tech firm shave changed their rules.Twitter is to ban nearly all political advertising.Google, which owns YouTube, says it will ban ads that make egregiously false claims, and restrict the precision with which political ads can be aimed at specific groups of people.For now, Facebook is sticking to its guns, saying it will not regulate political speech—though there are signs it is wavering.Mr Zuckerberg is an unpopular man these days.Yet in this case he is right.The rules of digital democracy should not be set by unaccountable bosses in the boardrooms of a handful of American firms.If politicians want to change the behavior of candidates, the levers are in their hands.It is their job to make the laws under which everyone else—technology firms included—must operate.Partisan hostility and short-term self-interest, particularly in America, may make that difficult.But history offers hope.Politicians have agreed in the past on whether and how to regulate other media technologies such as radio, television and newspapers.The rules created for analogue democracies offer a relatively uncontroversial starting-point for digital ones.In America, for instance, the source of political television ads must be disclosed.The same should be true online.Facebook's decision to stand back looks more in keeping with the traditions of American democracy than Twitter's or Google's commitment to step in.New media offer new possibilities and hence raise new dangers.One is the ability to run "micro-targeted" ads, aimed at small groups thought to be most receptive to their message.To the extent that it helps politicians deal with particular worries among voters, this can be beneficial.If abused, though, it could amplify exactly the sort of two-faced campaigning the telegraph was supposed to have banished.It is too soon to limit micro-targeting.Not only would it be hard to draw clear lines but, more important, politicians should be reluctant to ban each other's speech.As a first step, they should enforce transparency, ensuring that even narrowly targeted ads are available for anyone to examine.Rival politicians will have incentives to dig up evidence of foul play by their opponents, helping keep everyone honest.The tech giants are already making similar moves voluntarily.That could make it easier to convert them into legal requirements.Another difference between old media and new is that the tech firms are planet-spanning in a way that newspapers and television never were.Democracy, though, remains a local affair.America and Britain have different traditions; those of France, Australia or India are different again.If governments decide to tighten the rules around online advertising—and perhaps attempt to drain the digital swamp more broadly—the result will be a profusion of local laws for the tech firms to comply with.That will be a burden, but it is the price of success.
31
We may learn from the first paragraph that .
- A.Twitter used to allow political advertising
- B.YouTube strictly investigated false advertising
- C.American politicians are dissatisfied with tech firms
- D.Facebook insists on regulating political advertising
32
The rules of digital democracy should be set by .
- A.responsible bosses
- B.chairman of the board
- C.American politicians
- D.technology firms
33
To set rules around political advertising, .
- A.it should put partisan hostility and short-term self-interest aside
- B.politicians should reach an agreement among themselves first
- C.we can draw inspiration from successful historical experience
- D.a relatively uncontroversial starting-point is of great importance
34
Instead of limiting micro-targeting, it is suggested to .
- A.draw group boundaries
- B.examine more seriously
- C.crack down on foul play
- D.improve information transparency
35
Government regulation will increase the burden on tech firms because .
- A.democratic traditions vary among different places
- B.there are differences between old media and new media
- C.the business scope of technology companies is too wide
- D.this is the price must be paid to achieve democracy
Technology has been eroding the boundaries between work and home for years.Now, a newstudy by researchers at the University of Illinois encourages corporate stakeholders to deliberately encourage clear work-life boundaries for employees.It finds that if their employees have a sense of control over intrusions into non-work life, they are better able to manage stress.And that pays off in productivity when they reengage with work.The belief that being able to work anywhere makes us more productive is an illusion.It's an easy mistake to make.But the alerts that ping and buzz on our smartphones actually increase our stress.In fact, the research team behind this paper, which studies occupational stress and employee well-being, points out that the alerts create "spikes of stress." That adds up to negative moods, rumination about work, and poor sleep.When people work in an always-on culture, they begin to dread it.Work stress is worse if we work anytime.According to Yihao Li, a professor of labor and employment relations, this is becoming an increasingly important issue for workers and the issue is compounded exponentially for parents, who put their children's bedtime routine on hold to deal with work demands.To the child, who is competing with their parent's work email, it's a random negative event.Kids become more anxious and demanding because they don't know when they can count on time with their parents.Household stress skyrockets.The convenience of our devices comes at the price of our mental health unless we have control over the boundaries between work and non-work life.According to YoungAh Park, professor of labor and employment relations, "Some people simply can't work without a smartphone, tablet or laptop computer.These technologies are so ubiquitous and convenient that it can lead some people to think that employees have to be always on or always available.Clearly, this kind of after-hours intrusion into the home or personal life domain is unhealthy, and our research shows that an always-on mentality has a big downside in the form of increased job stress," she said in a press release.To study the impact of work intrusions into non-work life, my team surveyed over 500 full-time public school teachers in grade K-6 for five weeks.We asked about their weekly work intrusion involving technology, specifically their after-hours work—whether they were expected to respond to work-related messages and emails immediately, and whether they were contacted about work-related issues after hours.Why study teachers? We found that after-hours work intrusion via technology can be really, truly stressful for them.So although this finding is particular to teachers, a class of employees who we tend to assume have clear work-life boundaries, it's now an issue for everyone who is electronically tied to their work after regular hours.But it was the impact of the "[border keepers]" that we found made the biggest difference in whether teachers felt they had control over their boundaries.If principals, who function as supervisors, sent a message of support for work-life balance, the teachers felt empowered to set boundaries.If supervisors communicate clear support for work-life balance, employees feel a greater sense of control.When supervisors send mixed messages, paying lip service to work-life boundaries and then sending urgent emails at 9:30 pro, employees know that they do not have that control.But if employees do have supportive leaders who model behaviors for work-life balance and work effectively with employees to creatively solve work-life conflicts, that translates into less stress for teachers through boundary control.
36
According to the new study by researchers at the University of Illinois, .
- A.work-life balance is a quest many workers seek but quite often fail to conquer
- B.stakeholders put pressure on firms to respond to social issues
- C.employees who have work-life boundaries work more efficiently
- D.stakeholders face immense work pressure compared with employees
37
According to Yihao Li, .
- A.a regular bedtime routine can help children have a good temper
- B.off-time work at home can be a huge barrier, to parenting
- C.e-mail can be a great way for working parents to share parenting experiences
- D.work stress lowers employees' satisfaction with their job and boss
38
YoungAh Park thinks modern technology and devices .
- A.are indispensable to modern workplace
- B.tend to blur the work-life boundaries
- C.replace people in doing repetitive work
- D.have paved the way for remote working
39
Why does the author's team choose to study teachers?
- A.They are under particular pressure of after-hours work.
- B.They are often misunderstood by the society as having clear work-life boundaries.
- C.They face tremendous stress from supervisors and parents of students.
- D.They work in a ever deteriorated school environment.
40
The phrase "border keepers" (Line 1, Para.6) refers to_______.
- A.school board
- B.teachers' union
- C.principals
- D.teachers
三、阅读理解Part B
下列每小题的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题意的正确答案，多选、错选或不选均不得分。
A.Still other research suggests that having a partner who regularly expresses thanks leads to a virtuous cycle.In romantic relationships, spiraling downward is a common theme: One partner says or does something a bit harsh, and the other retaliates more harshly, creating a race to the bottom.Gratitude, by contrast, works in reverse: If you feel appreciated for your actions, you are more likely to do more nice things for your partner, in turn making your partner likely to perform nice deeds for you—and the cycle continues.
B.Gratitude isn't a cure-all, however.Although plenty is known about couples with a predisposition to thank each other, researchers are still trying to determine whether getting less naturally grateful couples to engage in these behaviors will be as helpful, says Amie Gordon, an assistant social-psychology professor who directs the Well-being, Health, and Interpersonal Relationships Lab at the University of Michigan.It is important to recognize that severe relationship issues—such as serious emotional or physical abuse—can't be papered over with superficial appreciation.
C.Yet when partners acknowledge and appreciate each other, it appears to create a protective effect, according to Barton's research, that can help buffer couples from negative communication patterns such as being overly critical or conflict-avoidant.Even if couples struggle to communicate, their marital stability can be just as high as partners who navigate conflict well—as long as they maintain high levels of appreciation.In a 2015 study, Barton and a team of researchers found that showing gratitude for your spouse was highly linked to marital quality.
D.This might be harder than it sounds.One fact of long-term relationships, in research terms, is habituation—the diminished response to your significant other's actions over time.In other words: taking your partner for granted.Another challenge is the common inability to notice the everyday ways that loved ones make our life smoother."We tend to over estimate our efforts in a relationship and underestimate the amount of work our partner is contributing," Allen Barton, assistant professor in the department of human development and family studies at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, told me via email.
E.One fact of long-term relationships is that humans often take their partner for granted.Think of gratitude as a buffer against that.It's so simple that it can be easy to overlook: In the commotion of daily life, people forget to thank their partner for the myriad things they do.During the pandemic, significant other shave made even more sacrifices, picked up the slack, or gone outside their comfort zone, putting plenty of romantic relationships through the wringer.Now could be the ideal moment to step back and reassess how you show gratitude for it all.
F.A gratitude practice shouldn't imply forced politeness or tossing around half-hearted thanks when you don't feel like it.It's really a guardrail against the human proclivity to take one's partner for granted.The ultimate aim, Gordon says, is to set a posture of noticing and renoticing the value in your better half.Then, when your genuine appreciation allows you to share that positivity with your partner, capitalize on the moment.
G.The way you show appreciation also makes a difference.A paper published last year by a group of Hong Kong-based researchers revealed—perhaps unsurprisingly—that perceiving a partner's gratitude as less sincere harmed men's marital satisfaction.Other research, out of the University of North Carolina, says that recognizing not only what your partner does, but also who they are, is a superior form of acknowledgment.Instead of thanking them for, say, picking up the groceries, acknowledge the positive traits that the shopping trip expressed, such as your partner's thoughtfulness in remembering your favorite snack.
41.→42.→C→43.→44.→45.→F
B.Gratitude isn't a cure-all, however.Although plenty is known about couples with a predisposition to thank each other, researchers are still trying to determine whether getting less naturally grateful couples to engage in these behaviors will be as helpful, says Amie Gordon, an assistant social-psychology professor who directs the Well-being, Health, and Interpersonal Relationships Lab at the University of Michigan.It is important to recognize that severe relationship issues—such as serious emotional or physical abuse—can't be papered over with superficial appreciation.
C.Yet when partners acknowledge and appreciate each other, it appears to create a protective effect, according to Barton's research, that can help buffer couples from negative communication patterns such as being overly critical or conflict-avoidant.Even if couples struggle to communicate, their marital stability can be just as high as partners who navigate conflict well—as long as they maintain high levels of appreciation.In a 2015 study, Barton and a team of researchers found that showing gratitude for your spouse was highly linked to marital quality.
D.This might be harder than it sounds.One fact of long-term relationships, in research terms, is habituation—the diminished response to your significant other's actions over time.In other words: taking your partner for granted.Another challenge is the common inability to notice the everyday ways that loved ones make our life smoother."We tend to over estimate our efforts in a relationship and underestimate the amount of work our partner is contributing," Allen Barton, assistant professor in the department of human development and family studies at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, told me via email.
E.One fact of long-term relationships is that humans often take their partner for granted.Think of gratitude as a buffer against that.It's so simple that it can be easy to overlook: In the commotion of daily life, people forget to thank their partner for the myriad things they do.During the pandemic, significant other shave made even more sacrifices, picked up the slack, or gone outside their comfort zone, putting plenty of romantic relationships through the wringer.Now could be the ideal moment to step back and reassess how you show gratitude for it all.
F.A gratitude practice shouldn't imply forced politeness or tossing around half-hearted thanks when you don't feel like it.It's really a guardrail against the human proclivity to take one's partner for granted.The ultimate aim, Gordon says, is to set a posture of noticing and renoticing the value in your better half.Then, when your genuine appreciation allows you to share that positivity with your partner, capitalize on the moment.
G.The way you show appreciation also makes a difference.A paper published last year by a group of Hong Kong-based researchers revealed—perhaps unsurprisingly—that perceiving a partner's gratitude as less sincere harmed men's marital satisfaction.Other research, out of the University of North Carolina, says that recognizing not only what your partner does, but also who they are, is a superior form of acknowledgment.Instead of thanking them for, say, picking up the groceries, acknowledge the positive traits that the shopping trip expressed, such as your partner's thoughtfulness in remembering your favorite snack.
41.→42.→C→43.→44.→45.→F
41
第41题答案是（ ）
- A.A
- B.B
- C.C
- D.D
- E.E
- F.F
- G.G
42
第42题答案是（ ）
- A.A
- B.B
- C.C
- D.D
- E.E
- F.F
- G.G
43
第43题答案是（ ）
- A.A
- B.B
- C.C
- D.D
- E.E
- F.F
- G.G
44
第44题答案是（ ）
- A.A
- B.B
- C.C
- D.D
- E.E
- F.F
- G.G
45
第45题答案是（ ）
- A.A
- B.B
- C.C
- D.D
- E.E
- F.F
- G.G
五、写作Part A
根据材料要求写一篇作文。
46
(46)[ If it is humane to put down a dog in unbearable and incurable pain, why not extend the same right to humans if they want it? ]That question echoes through The Inevitable as it follows four people in search of a good death—and in fear of a bad one.
Katie Engelhart's deeply researched and beautifully reported book raises familiar quandaries.Do people have a right to die on their own terms? Should doctors help? Do motivations matter? And might a right become a duty for everyone who grows old, dependent or demented? It also considers less publicised problems, such as: how do people actually die? (47)[ Advances in medicine and technology that have made pills and appliances safer have made it harder to achieve an "easy" or "peaceful" death for those who seek one.]
(48)[
As policymakers and ethicists ponder these moral conundrums, around the world people are taking matters into their own hands, a trend that gives Ms.Engelhart's book its urgency.]Faced with intolerable suffering, her subjects have largely given up on laws and doctors and instead turn to strangers on the internet for help.For instance, Avril Henry, a British octogenarian, spent her nights "marinating in her pain" and considered eating lethal fungi from her garden to end it.But "death by mushroom could be slow, messy, painful.The Nembutal would work better," the Peaceful Pill Handbook suggested.
The similarity between the "euthanasia underground" that it describes and underground abortion networks is striking.The president of Compassion & Choices, a lobby group for doctor-assisted dying, once referred to plastic-bag hoods as "the end-of-life equivalent of the coat hanger".Among those to have taken charge of their deaths were some early AIDs patients, their suffering immense, their fates fixed.(49)[
Just having the right drugs, or knowing they could get them, seemed to make many of these young men feel better, recalls the more likeable of the two doctors.]
Yet this is not a right-to-die manifesto.The author's own ethical doubts are among the book's strengths.She writes compassionately of her subjects' struggles, but is more reserved about the motives of some of their helpers.(50)[
She remains torn about what is perhaps the hardest question of all: euthanasia for victims of dementia.Rather than passing judgment, she presents facts.]About half of Americans think patients do not have enough control over end-of-life decisions.Existing laws often have arbitrary effects.
（46）.第46题答案是（ ）
（47）.第47题答案是（ ）
（48）.第48题答案是（ ）
（49）.第49题答案是（ ）
（50）.第50题答案是（ ）
Katie Engelhart's deeply researched and beautifully reported book raises familiar quandaries.Do people have a right to die on their own terms? Should doctors help? Do motivations matter? And might a right become a duty for everyone who grows old, dependent or demented? It also considers less publicised problems, such as: how do people actually die? (47)[ Advances in medicine and technology that have made pills and appliances safer have made it harder to achieve an "easy" or "peaceful" death for those who seek one.]
(48)[
As policymakers and ethicists ponder these moral conundrums, around the world people are taking matters into their own hands, a trend that gives Ms.Engelhart's book its urgency.]Faced with intolerable suffering, her subjects have largely given up on laws and doctors and instead turn to strangers on the internet for help.For instance, Avril Henry, a British octogenarian, spent her nights "marinating in her pain" and considered eating lethal fungi from her garden to end it.But "death by mushroom could be slow, messy, painful.The Nembutal would work better," the Peaceful Pill Handbook suggested.
The similarity between the "euthanasia underground" that it describes and underground abortion networks is striking.The president of Compassion & Choices, a lobby group for doctor-assisted dying, once referred to plastic-bag hoods as "the end-of-life equivalent of the coat hanger".Among those to have taken charge of their deaths were some early AIDs patients, their suffering immense, their fates fixed.(49)[
Just having the right drugs, or knowing they could get them, seemed to make many of these young men feel better, recalls the more likeable of the two doctors.]
Yet this is not a right-to-die manifesto.The author's own ethical doubts are among the book's strengths.She writes compassionately of her subjects' struggles, but is more reserved about the motives of some of their helpers.(50)[
She remains torn about what is perhaps the hardest question of all: euthanasia for victims of dementia.Rather than passing judgment, she presents facts.]About half of Americans think patients do not have enough control over end-of-life decisions.Existing laws often have arbitrary effects.
（46）.第46题答案是（ ）
（47）.第47题答案是（ ）
（48）.第48题答案是（ ）
（49）.第49题答案是（ ）
（50）.第50题答案是（ ）
六、写作Part B
根据材料要求写一篇作文。
47
Directions
The Wildlife Conservation Organization in your city is recruiting volunteers.Write an email to apply for this opportunity and state the reasons why you are interested in it.
You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the email.Use "Li Ming" instead.(10 points)
The Wildlife Conservation Organization in your city is recruiting volunteers.Write an email to apply for this opportunity and state the reasons why you are interested in it.
You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the email.Use "Li Ming" instead.(10 points)
四、翻译题
根据题干要求，将材料翻译成中文。
48
Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay, you should
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) give your comments.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay, you should
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) give your comments.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)
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