2022年10月高等教育自学考试《00012英语（一）》试题

Marriages of The Times
Arvind and Renu got married recently.Their wedding flloweld the pattemn of traditional Indian mariage.The girl's family judged the boy's job future, and the boy's family investigated (调查) the girl's background and character.Then Arvind's parents gave Renu the traditional pre-wedding gifts of clothes and jewelry.After the wedding, Renu moved into the home of her husband's parents.
Renu and Arvind met through a newspaper ad! Renu's father placed the ad in The Hindustan Times, a national newspaper.Arvind's father looked in the newspapers and saw the ad.“One has to depend on modern resources.You want to find someone who is well educated and from a good family for your child.The newspaper ads give you more choices," said Arvind's father.
His son and new daughter-in-law agree.They share the feelings of many young Indians who accept newspaper ads, placed by their parents, as the ideal way to find a mate: "We trusted our parents completely," said Arvind.
Social scientists explain that marriage through newspaper ads is becoming more common in India.They say that it is one sign of social change.In the past, Indian parents would arrange marriages with the sons or daughters of their friends and neighbors.Now Indian society is not as stable as it was in the past.People move all the time.They do not get to know the people in their community well.The ads show another change, too.People still expect a woman to be attractive and a good housekeeper.But fanmilies are also looking for women and men with an education.Status is becoming less important.

Most people would agree that how a teacher dresses should not have much to do with his or her effectiveness as a teacher.Yet two studies suggest that the clothes womn by teachers make a difference in how students see and respond to them.
In one study, the researchers wanted to know if teachers would be viewed differently depending on the clothes they wore.They had teachers dress in three different styles: professional, casual professional, or casual.It was found that students' judgment of the teachers' expertise (专门知识) decreased as clothes became more casual.On the other hand,the teachers who dressed casually were seen as more interesting, out-going (开朗的) and friendly.
In another study, the researchers asked students to complete surveys about their teachers' clothing.The students also answered questions about their views of their teachers, what they leamed from their courses and their own classroom behavior.The results showed a close link between teachers' clothing and the ratings students gave them.Students also reported that they behaved better and leamed more when the teachers dressed formally.
The results suggest some clothing strategies for teachers.If the goal is to appear capable and maintain order, it is a good idea to dress formally.If the goal is to be viewed as out-going and friendly, casual clothing might be a better choice.The best approach might be to match clothes with the educational goals of the class.

Bridge to College
➊This year I took part in a program called “Bridge to College." I took two classes on Tuesdays and Thursdays.I found that the teachers were smart, helpful and kind, and the classes were challenging and rewarding.I had a very good experience with it.
❷“Bridge to College" is a program designed for high school students to study at the community college.They receive credits for their courses.These credits are not only accepted as high school credits, but also count as classes for the colleges they are attending.You can take one course each term and you do not have to pay anything at all.
❸Getting started is very easy! All you have to do is make an appointment you’re your guidance counselors (指导老师).Let them know that you're interested in the program.Then they will give you a few forms for you and your family to fill out.And then they will send out the forms to the community college.You just need to go up to the college campus to sign up for your classes.The guidance counselors are very helpful during the process.
❹I highly recommend this program to high school students, especially the seniors.The program has many benefits and best of all it's free.

Music as a Universal Language
The importance of music in our lives cannot be defined (定义)with words.___26___ It is the universal language that we can all understand and relate to, even when our personal definitions are difrent.Music is a very valuable tool throughout the world.
Music is variety.___27___ Although we may not always like every type of music on the market, the variety makes music universal.
Music is the voice we long for when we can't fnd words to speak.Many people will agree that there are songs that were witten just for them.___28___ They can express our emotions though we didn't rally know we felt that way.
Music is a great icebreaker.___29___ If you are talking about music, dead silence isn't a good choice.Playing music in the background at parties will help calm your guests.Music sets the mood and makes things happier.
Music speaks to our emotions.It evokes (唤起) memories.___30___ It can help us relate to experiences.It can bring a smile to our face or tears to our eyes.Music is a link to our soul.

Bowling (保龄球) in America
Bowling is a leisure activity.It is enjoyed by peopleof ___31___ all ages.It's seen as a wayto ___32___ a night with family and friends.But how did this sport ___33___ its start? In spite of varied ___34___ on its origin, bowling came to the US in the 18th century.Over time,it has developed from a religious ___35___ to a leisure activity.While it may be ___36___ to find out who invented the ___37___, its influence on culture has led to the sport becoming a part of the lives of people.No matter where bowlingis from,it is ___38___ exciting.It will contiue to ___39___ bowling lovers all over the world.So whether you're an expert or ___40___ to the ativiy, enjoy it and have fun!