四、阅读材料题
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The fashion industry blatantly pays attention to plus-size women.A good fit is everything,stylists often counsel, but in assessing its market America’s fashion business appears to have mislaid the measuring tape.A frequently-cited study done a few years ago by Plunkett Research, a market-research firm, found that 67% of American women were “plus-size” , meaning size 14 or larger.That figure will not have changed much, but in 2016, only 18% of clothing sold was plus-size, according to NPD Group, another research firm.
Designers and retailers have long thought of the plus-size segment as high-risk.Predicting what these customers will buy can be difficult, as they tend to be more cautious about styles.Making larger clothes is more expens-ive; higher costs for fabric cannot always be passed on to consumers.In turn, plus-size women shopped less because the industry was not serving them well.“We have money but nowhere to spend it,” says Kristine Thompson, who runs a blog called Trendy Curvy and has nearly 150000 followers on Instagram, a social-media site.
At last, that is changing.Fast-fashion brands, including Forever 21 and a fashion line sold in partnership with Target, a giant retailer, have expanded their plus-size collections.Lane Bryant, a plus-size retailer, and Prabal Garung, a designer, have done the same.In March, Nike extended its “X-sized” sportswear range, Revenue in the plus-size category increased by 14% between 2013 and 2016, compared with growth of 7% for all apparel.
Social media has played an important role in changing attitudes in the fashion business, says Madeline Jones, editor and co-founder of PLUS Model Magazine.Nonetheless, designer brands still hold back (Walmart sells the most plus-size apparel).Some brands, such as Michael Kors, do sell plus-size ranges but do not advertise them or display them on websites.Gwynnie Bee, Stitch Fix and Dia&Co, for example, share information with designers on preferred styles and fits.Tracy Reese,a designer known for creating Michelle Obama’s dress for the Democratic National Convention in 2012, is one brand that recently enlisted Gwynnie Bee’s help to create a new plus-size collection.Gwynnie Bee prompted the label to create bigger patterns and more appealing designs.
Not all plus-size shoppers are convinced.Laura Fuentes, a hairstylist from Abilene, Texas, says that many upmarket department stores still keep their plus-size clothing sections poorly organized,badly stocked and dimly lit, if they stock larger clothes at all.Yet such complaints should be taken with a pinch of salt, says Ms.Thompson.“We’re nowhere near where we should be but we’ve made progress,” she says.
23.
What is the meaning of the underlined word in the first paragraph?
- A.Frequently.
- B.Publicly.
- C.Potentially.
- D.Practically.
参考答案B
解析词汇题。frequently“频繁地,经常地”,publicly“公然地,公开地”,potentially“可能地,潜在地”,practically“实际上,事实上”。根据下文可知,这里是指时尚行业将注意力放在了肥胖女性上,blatantly“明显地,公然地”。B项最符合题意。
24.
Which of the following is not the reason why designers and retailers consider the plus-size segment as high-risk?
- A.It is difficult for designers and retailers to predict what style the consumers prefer.
- B.The larger the clothes are, the more expensive their costs are.
- C.Plus-size women spend less time in shopping.
- D.Plus-size women tend to buy more expensive clothes than slim women.
参考答案D
解析细节题。根据第二段中的“Predicting what these customers will buy can be…Making larger clothes is more expensive; higher costs for fabric cannot always be passed on to consumers.In turn, plus-size women shopped less because the industry was not serving them well”可判断,A、B、C三项均为大码服装(在销售上)风险较高的原因。故本题选D。
25.
In the sentence “At last, that is changing” in Paragraph 3, what does “that” refer to?
- A.The Plus-size clothes segment is high-risk.
- B.The cost of making plus-size clothes decreases.
- C.The designers and retailers begin to pay attention to plus-size women.
- D.Plus-size women were not served well by designers and retailers.
参考答案D
解析含义题。that指代上文描述的情况,“At last,that is changing”应该是指前两段提到的情况出现了变化。前两段提到,67%的美国女性都属于“大码”一族,但大码服装的市场占比却相对较低;设计师和零售商认为销售大码服装有风险,所以忽视这一市场需求,导致“大码”女性有钱无处花。所以第三段开头提到的“这一情况正在改变”,应该是设计师和零售商忽视“大码”女性消费需求的这一事实正在改变。D项是其同义转换。故本题选D。
26.
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
- A.Some fashion brands and retailers have expanded their plus-size collections,
- B.From 2013 to 2016, the plus-size category contributes a lot to the revenue.
- C.Designer brands have been convinced by the prospect of plus-size clothes.
- D.The attitude of fashion business is greatly influenced by social media.
参考答案C
解析细节题。根据第三段中的“Fast-fashion brands,including Forever 21 and a fashion line sold in partnership with Target,a giant retailer, have expanded their plus-size collections…”可知,A项正确。根据第三段中的“Revenue in the plus-size category increased by 14% between 2013 and 2016,compared with…”可知,B项正确。根据第四段中的“designer brands still hold back (Walmart sells the most plus-size apparel)…”可知,设计师品牌仍对销售大码码装持迟疑态度,故C项不正确。根据第四段中的“Social media has played an important role in changing attitudes in the fashion business”可知,D项正确。故本题选C。
27.
What is Ms.Thompson’s attitude toward the development of plus-size clothes?
- A.Negative.
- B.Optimistic.
- C.Neutral.
- D.Opposite.
参考答案B
解析态度题。根据最后一段中的“Yet such complaints should be taken with a pinch of salt, says Ms.Thompson.‘We’re nowhere near where we should be but we’ve made progress,’she says”可知,Ms.Thompson认为大码服装行业的发展前景是乐观的。故本题选B。
The lights go out—another power failure.“Get the candles,” Mom says, and I do.My younger brother and I search every room to collect the tall candles and holders spaced around the house.I hurry from shelf to shelf gathering wax sticks in my arms and place them in the living room, a few candles in each corner except for a small red votive.That one I keep.It is the one I will take to the coffee table to use to read.I slide my book, Things FaIl Apart, beside the candle holder, determined to finish the last three chapters, but lacking determination.So the book remains closed.A sigh escapes my brother’s lips.
“This is boring,” he says.A drop of wax falls on my book.“I know,” I say, but really, I am enjoying the stillness.I like to watch the candle burn and feel that life is simple.I like to look out of the window into an immediate darkness unspoiled by unpleasant light.I love these silent moments when I feel as if I can live the way they lived, the people of the past-the Egyptians, the Pilgrims,the Greeks-anyone who ever lived to see the black color I’m seeing, anyone who lived to see a yellow fiame and depended on it.I feel at once with a secret, ancient age.I’m convinced that night,in this disturbed state, is the closest a person can get to experience the past.
So, what was night really like for them? Night, as we know it now, is a pleasant, loving thing compared to the incomprehensible darkness that covered Earth’s first people.Even its beauty seemed unmatched.
What did a farmer’s family do at night? Of course, the darkness must have brought them together, forced them into each other’s company as it has done to us tonight—developed a close relationship in a time of fear and uncertainty.A fire probably burnt brightly in a central room where the family gathered to talk and relax.Night was a time when men and women were liberated from work and socialized.They had no computers or TVs, and had to make do with books, religion, and conversation.At their bedside, they prayed to God, and felt a sense of security that they were out of the darkness and harm’s reach.
Nevertheless, to run a risk of going outside was sometimes necessary, and the threat of robbers,wolves, even the ethereal, was present.What emotions did these people feel? Did they witness a deep bright blue cloud across heaven? What would it have been like to feel the night, heavy and damp against my back? Would it have taken me, choked me with its powerful hands, separated me from other people? Or would those have been awful dreams, and dreams only?
I imagine a young girl, stepping outside her home and into a desert for some air.A cool,earthy smell would greet her.There’s a sky with millions of stars—far more than a person could see today-and there’s the moon.It’s the largest object in the sky, the midnight sun that shines in the world, the traveler’s torch.It inspires stories of uncertainty, stories of power.I imagine this girl amazed at the moon and stars.If she wanders too far, she needn’t worry, for the stars will lead her back home.
Bzzz! The lights return.Everyone cheers and abandons the room, happy that their period of being lonely is over, everyone except me.I pull my candle closer, and stare into the night.The glory is gone; it has been made less bright by street lamps, electric signs, TVs, and all other manners of artificial light.But in those moments, when every light in every house was off, people may have had a taste of the old world.They may finally have touched upon the slight fear, the admiration, and the respect that our ancestors felt for the night.
28.
We can learn from the passage that the writer thinks the power failure ________.
- A.allows people to simplify their life
- B.keeps people away from artificial lights
- C.brings too much inconvenience to people
- D.gives people a time to taste the old lifestyle
参考答案D
解析细节题。根据第二段中的“…is the closest a person can get to experience the past”及最后一段中的“But in those moments,when every light in every house was off, people may have had a taste of the old world”可知,停电给人们提供了品味旧时生活方式的时间。故本题选D。
29.
By saying “Tlus is boring” (Paragraph 2), the writer’s brother most probably means that________.
- A.he really dislikes the sudden power failure
- B.he lacks interesting books to entertain himself
- C.the writer’s book is really uninteresting
- D.it’s dull to see wax fall on the book
参考答案A
解析推断题。弟弟叹气并说“无聊”时在看书的是作者,全文并没有提到弟弟是否喜欢看书,由此可推断出弟弟认为停电无聊,即他不喜欢突然停电。故本题选A。
30.
From Paragraph 4, we can learn that the farmers of the past________.
- A.lived a really simple and boring life
- B.had nothing in common with modern people
- C.didn’t have to work as hard as modern people
- D.might have no choice but to stay indoors at night
参考答案D
解析推断题。第四段主要讲述了在过去的夜晚,黑夜带来的不安和恐惧使农民不再劳作,不得不和家人聚在一起,在家聊天、看书、祈祷等。故本题选D。
31.
It can be inferred that when they stayed outside at night, the people of the past________.
- A.would have awful dreams
- B.were sure to lose their way
- C.might hold some fear inside
- D.were faced with no danger at all
参考答案C
解析推断题。根据第五段中的“Nevertheless.to run a risk of going outside was sometimes necessary, and the threat of robbers,wolves,even the ethereal,was present”可知,在过去,有时人们不得不在晚上外出,他们需要面临强盗、狼等的威胁,因此他们可能心存恐惧。故本题选C。
32.
The writer makes up the story of a young girl in order to ________.
- A.inspire people to explore a desert
- B.show his love for the beauty of night
- C.inform people of what to do at night
- D.provide suggestions for traveling at night
参考答案B
解析推断题。根据关键词定位到倒数第二段。该段主要描述了夜晚星空的美丽景象,并说女孩不必担心,因为群星能指明回家的路,这体现出作者对夜晚的喜爱之情。故本题选B。