2024年同等学力申硕《英语》试题（网友回忆版）

Section A
Directions: In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A, B and C, taken from the dialogue.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
Dialogue One
A.Thanks for being supportive.
B.Wasn’t that today?
C.I was really nervous about it.
Nathan: Hey, Alicia?
Alicia: Oh hey, I’m glad we had time to meet up.
Nathan: Me too.So, how did your interview go? (1) _____
Alicia: Oh, yeah.I think it went well.I don’t know if I got the job yet, but they said they would call in a few days.
Nathan： Well, I’m sure you did great.Good luck.
Alicia： Thanks.I’m just happy that it’s over.(2) _____
Nathan: I can understand that.I get nervous before interviews, too.
Alicia: (3) _____
Nathan: Sure, no problem.

Dialogue Two
A.I need both of those for sure.
B.That’s a little expensive for a beat-up book like that.
C.You can really save some money that way.
Carl: Hey, Sis.Are you interested in buying some used books for school? (4) _____
Ashley: Well, what do you have?
Carl: I have a science book, Today’s World, and I’m selling it for thirty dollars.
Ashley: Thirty? (5) _____ What else are you selling?
Carl： Well, I have an English writing textbook for fourteen dollars, a math book for twenty-three, and a novel for only seven bucks.
Ashley: I’ll take the English book and the novel.(6) _____ I think I’ll hold off on buying other books for now.

Section B
Directions: In this section there is one incomplete dialogue which has four blanks and four choices A, B, C and D, taken from the dialogue.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.
A.Could I have your phone number please?
B.And may I ask who referred you to our office?
C.Do you happen to have an opening in the morning?
D.Is this your first visit?
Receptionist: Dr.Carter’s Office.
Ronald: Yes, I’d like to make an appointment to see Dr.Carter, please.
Receptionist: (7) _____
Ronald: Yes, it is.
Receptionist: Okay.Could I have your name please?
Ronald: Yes.My name is Ronald Schuller.
Receptionist: (8) _____
Ronald: Uh, I drove past your office yesterday.
Receptionist: Okay.How about the day after tomorrow on Wednesday at 4:00 p.m.?
Ronald: Uh.(9) _____ I usually pick up my kids from school around that time.
Receptionist: Okay.Um...how about Tuesday at 8:00 a.m.or Thursday at 8:15 a.m.?
Ronald: Well, in that case, Thursday would be fine.
Receptionist: Okay.(10) _____
Ronald: It’s 643-0547.

Section A
Directions: In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D.Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
Passage One
Who says your job leaves you no time to hit the gym? A detailed new study of U.S.physical activity patterns shows that men who work full-time—whether their jobs are active or sedentary—end up getting more exercise than healthy working-age men without a job.
The new study comes from researchers at the National Institutes of Health (NIH).As part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, some 1,800 working-aged adults were asked a battery of questions about their lifestyle and work habits, and, crucially, they then agreed to wear an accelerometer—a device to measure their physical activity—over the course of several days.
Those data from accelerometers provide a rare opportunity to nail down how much activity the typical American actually does.They show that men or women who work in active jobs do more physical activity on weekdays than men or women working in sedentary jobs.That’s perhaps not surprising, but the NIH researchers suggest that it still matters because of an ongoing shift in the economy toward sedentary work.
The more surprising finding is the one that compares full-time workers to people who don’t work.The study shows that men with full-time jobs do more physical activity than healthy men without jobs.(“Healthy man”, in this case, were those men who said their primary reason for being out of work was something other than health or disability.) In fact, even sedentary full-time workers performed more weekday physical activity overall than the healthy non-workers.The results looked very different for women.Women in sedentary jobs did less physical activity on weekdays than their healthy non-working peers.
So what drives the gender difference? The study looks at the patterns, and can’t unfortunately provide too much detail about their causes.There could be many possible answers, including, perhaps, different abilities to pay for leisure time activities, or different norms and attitudes about work and physical activity.It could also be that more non-working women than men are choosing to be at home running around full-time after the kids.
But the NIH researchers do find evidence to suggest that, whatever causes the difference, healthy non-working women “are replacing work with active pursuits whereas—for some reason— (non-working) men generally are not.”

Passage Two
Popular fireworks should be replaced with cleaner drone (无人机) and laser light shows to avoid the “highly damaging” impact on wildlife, domestic pets and the broader environment, new Curtin-led research has found.
The new research, published in Pacific Conservation Biology, examined the environmental cost of firework displays by reviewing the ecological effects of Diwali festival activities in India, Fourth of July celebrations across the United States, and other events in New Zealand and parts of Europe.Examples included fireworks in Spanish festivals impacting the breeding success of House Sparrows, July firework displays being implicated in the decline of Brandt’s Cormorant (鸬鹚) colonies in California, and South American sea lions changing their behavior during breeding season as a result of New Year’s fireworks in Chile.
Lead author Associate Professor Bill Bateman, from Curtin’s School of Molecular and Life Sciences, said that fireworks create short-term noise and light disturbances that cause distress in domestic animals that may be managed before or after a firework event, but the impacts to wildlife can be on a much larger scale.The annual timing of some large-scale firework events coincides with the migratory or reproductive movements of wildlife, and may therefore have adverse long term population effects on them.Fireworks also produce significant pulses of highly pollutant materials that also contribute significantly to the chemical pollution of soil, water, and air, which has implications for human as well as animal health.
Bateman said firework bans at sensitive periods for wildlife migration or mating periods could limit the impact.Drone or other light-based shows could as well.“Other than horses, for which there is some evidence that they can be gradually familiarized with flashes of light, there is very little that can be done to address the disturbing impact of noise from fireworks on animals and wildlife,” Bateman said.
The future of firework displays may be in the use of safer and greener alternatives such as drones, eco-friendly fireworks or visible-wavelength lasers for light shows.There is growing evidence that these community events can be managed in a sustainable way and it’s clear that outdated firework displays need to be replaced by cleaner options that are not harmful to wildlife and the environment.

Passage Three
The past two years have shown that employees desire greater flexibility—and they’re willing to change jobs to get it.Flexibility has tremendous benefits for employees, including reduced burnout and greater job satisfaction.However, it can also result in rising coordination costs for managers, large amounts of wasted effort, and the inability to respond quickly to client requests.The brief meetings that once allowed teams to promptly brainstorm solutions and coordinate efforts are now harder to pull together.It can take days to get most members in the same virtual place at the same time (including one person who’s half-listening from the dentist’s chair).
To increase employee flexibility on their teams, managers need guidance and support.Otherwise, they could bum out on the job or check out to find a new one.Here are some ways managers can offer their teams flexibility without breaking under the coordination costs or significantly halting progress.
First, rethink when employees work together.For complex tasks that require teamwork, it’s not feasible to provide employees with complete flexibility (i.e., the ability to work for any duration at any time).However, returning to the standard in-office work week won’t work either.Thus, managers will need to think differently and deeply about project requirements and schedule accordingly.
For project-based workflows, managers should carefully map out the project tasks and timetable and issue an advance request for employees to block a specific set of days for overlapping work during key project phases (e.g., kickoff, mid-point, finalization).For less predictable workflows, match scheduling bursts with calendar time.For example, during the second week of the month, employees are expected to be working from 10 a.m.to 5 p.m., then they’re allowed to choose which 40 hours (+/-10) they work weekly during the rest of the month.
Second, rethink who works together.To provide greater flexibility, managers may need to reorganize their larger teams into multi-team systems of smaller, authorized, and interconnected groups.For example, converting your team of nine into three teams of three enables them to make decisions and makes it easier for employees to help coordinate their work.
Besides, managers must also think more deeply than ever about the structure of their employees’ tasks and priorities.Understanding the connections between different tasks is especially crucial for setting priorities to avoid bottlenecks.If everything is a priority, nothing is a priority.

Passage Four
Conversation goes far beyond talking.It also involves eyes, smiles, and the silences between the words.When those elements hum along together, conversational partners feel most deeply engaged and connected.
Like good conversationalists, Dartmouth College scientists have taken that idea and carried it to new places.They report some surprising findings on the interplay between eye contact and how two people synchronize (同步) nerve activity while talking.The researchers suggest, in a paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, that being in tune with a conversational partner is good—but that occasionally falling out of sync might be even better.
Maintaining eye contact has long been thought to act as the glue that connects two people in conversation.Its absence can signal failure of social function.Similarly, the growing study along this line has largely focused on the way synchrony in individuals’ brain activity benefits the social connection between them.
Earlier research by the Dartmouth lab had showed that synchronized pupil expansion serves as a reliable indicator of shared attention, which in turn marks greater nerve synchrony.In the new study, which measured pupil expansion during unstructured 10-minute conversations, the researchers found that the initial moment of eye contact—rather than a sustained period of locked gazes—marks a peak in shared attention.Synchrony, in fact, drops sharply just after you look into your conversation partner’s eyes and begins to recover only when you and that person look away from each other.“Eye contact is not eliciting synchrony; it’s disrupting it,” says Thalia Wheatley, the paper’s senior author.
Why would this happen? Wheatley contends that making and breaking eye contact ultimately propels the conversation forward.“Perhaps what this is doing is allowing us to break synchrony and move back into our own heads so that we can bring forth new and individual contributions to keep the conversation going,” Wheatley says.
Connections between gaze and synchrony might be relevant to research in autism (自闭症) and other mental disorders that involve non-typical interaction.The findings also help explain frustrations over videoconferencing platforms, on which real eye contact is nearly impossible to make—or break—because of the positioning of cameras and windows on screens.

Section B
Directions: In this section,you are required to read one quoted blog and the comments on it.The blog and comments are followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A,B, C and D.Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.
Talking about worry, I think of the most anxiety-provoking time of my life.It was 2008, and I was pregnant with my first child.At my ultrasound checkup, my husband and I learned that our son would be born with a congenital (先天的) heart condition.This condition is fatal if not corrected through open-heart surgery within months of birth.For the remainder of my pregnancy, I was almost never completely free of worry: How can we get him the best care? How will this affect his life?
Doesn’t this mean that I should prevent worry as soon as possible? Yet, that is exactly the wrong thing to do.Suppressing thoughts and feelings never works—and paradoxically increases anxiety while reinforcing the belief that worries are uncontrollable.
I discovered this for myself with my son’s heart condition.My worries were constant and exhausting, but putting them aside didn’t work.So I tried the opposite.I used my worries.Every time I worried, I went into action mode: I read every paper published on the condition, I asked our nurses and doctors a million questions, and I imagined best- and worst-case scenarios so I could plan each detail of my son’s care.Gradually I learn to worry smart and eventually worry less.
Our son is now 14 years old.He loves playing the piano, writing, and wrestling.As his doctors told us after his surgery, there are no restrictions on what he can do.
Comment 1:
I agree, but meditation helps as well.
Comment 2:
I’m one of those “stare at the dark ceiling trying to get to sleep” worriers.I find that it helps tremendously if I run a mile after dinner.
Comment 3:
Maybe these are good ideas; maybe not.Maybe some of them will work for some people and some not.But where is the science behind any of it?
Comment 4:
If it were only so easy...especially for those of us who suddenly wake at 3 a.m.most nights where every problem and worry is magnified to the power of 10.
Comment 5:
A simple way I look at this is to say to myself, “Will I be a worrier or a warrior (战士)?” Then I act on what I am worried about in some constructive way.

Directions: In this part, there is a passage with ten blanks.For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the best answer for each blank and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.
Millions of years ago, a volcano (火山) built a mountain on the floor of the Atlantic.In eruption after eruption, it (46) _____ up a great pile of volcanic rock, until it had accumulated a mass a hundred miles across at its base, reaching (47) _____ toward the surface of the sea, emerging as an island of about two hundred square miles.Thousands of years passed, and thousands of thousands.(48) _____ the waves of the Atlantic reduced it to a small fragment above water.This fragment we know (49) _____ Bermuda.
With variations, the life story of Bermuda has been repeated by almost every one of the (50) _____ that interrupt the watery expanses of the oceans far from land.These (51) _____ islands in the sea are fundamentally different from the continents.The major land masses and the ocean basins (52) _____ are much as they have been throughout the greater part of geologic time.But islands are created today, destroyed tomorrow.They are the (53) _____ of the violent, explosive, earth-shaking eruptions of submarine volcanoes, working perhaps for millions of years to achieve their end.
Islands have always (54) _____ much attention.Our imaginations can follow its shapes down through darkening waters to (55) _____ it rests on the sea floor.We wonder why and how it rose here in the midst of the ocean.

Directions: In this part,there are three incomplete texts with 20 questions.Above each text there are three or four phrases to be completed.First, use the choices provided in the box to complete the phrases.Second, use the completed phrases to fill in the blanks of the text.Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.
Text One
A.demand
B.land
C.immediately
Phrases:
A.satisfy the global (56) _____ for beef
B.are converted to grazing (57) _____
C.can do it (58) _____
Cutting meat consumption is a powerful and personal thing most Americans can do to tackle the climate crisis, and they (59) _____.About 40 percent of greenhouse gases come from agriculture, deforestation and other land-use changes.Meat—particularly beef—drives climate change in two ways: first, through cows’ emission of a greenhouse gas, and second, by destroying forests as they (60) _____.Despite the economic slowdown in recent years, atmospheric greenhouse gas levels continued to rise in 2020, in large part because of an emissions increase in the Amazon as min forests were changed into land for cattle to (61) _____.By eating less beef, we can start to decrease that demand.

Text Two
A.poorly
B.complicated
C.cause
Phrases:
A.are many viruses that (62) _____ colds
B.are still so (63) _____ understood
C.is more (64) _____ than it appears
One would think that with so many people having colds and so many hours of productivity being lost, scientists would know very well about the common cold.But the disease (65) _____ at first.Only in the last few years have researchers gained certain knowledge about the agents responsible for it.For one thing, there (66) _____.
The fact that colds are caused by viruses suggests some means of prevention and treatment.Because the environmental and physiological circumstances for the development of colds (67) _____, there is little one can do to prevent them beyond avoiding persons with “new colds” or staying away from others when one has a new cold.

Text Three
A.were afraid of
B.in this society
C.going on
D.failed to
Phrases:
A.a signal that (68) _____ men belong in the office
B.something (69) _____ with British culture
C.most men who (70) _____ take the proposal
D.two out of five men (71) _____ asking for flexible working
A report showed that almost half of all men failed to take up their offering of two weeks paternity leave (陪产假).The institution which carried out the research found that (72) _____ did so because they felt unable to afford it.
The research was not restricted to paternity leave.It also found that (73) _____ lest it harm their careers by making them appear uncommitted.
Clearly there is (74) _____, and one thing driving our culture is the legal framework in which it operates.Compared to the two-week paternity leave for men, women have a one-year offering.The unequal offerings are (75) _____ while women should take the lead at home.