2023年成人高等考试《英语》（专升本）试题（网友回忆版）

Who have the keener sense of smell, dogs or humans? Most of us would __21__ the dog's nose is much more sensitive than man's.After all, dogs are used to __22__ criminals, and the police sometimes use dogs to smell out drugs.
The __23__ is that your nose is probably as sensitive as any dog's— __24__ you were trained to use your nose __25__.And since your brain is much better than the dog's, you would be much __26__ to fool than a dog would be.However, if you wanted to __27__ someone's smell, you would have to crawl (爬行) about __28__ your hands and knees with your nose to the __29__ as the dog does.
In its own way, however, your nose is as sensitive to __30__ smells as your ear is to the softest of sounds.Most wine companies employ professional tasters who __31 __ the quality of their products.These tasters take very small amounts of the __32 __ , and roll it around in their mouths while __33 __ chewing movements.This "mouthing" of the liquid forces the air up the back entrance to the nasal cavity (鼻腔) toward the olfactory membrane (嗅觉粘膜),a place __34 __ smells car best be caught.If the wine suits their taste (actually, if it suits their smell), they may nod __35 __.

Passage One
My mother raised me with several fixed rules.One was that a gentleman always has a clean handkerchief in his rear(后面的）pocket.I can recall being a ten-year-old on the school playground,feeling the piece of cloth (irectly over my bottom and wondering what it was there for.Time would tell.
Every night for most of my life, I have removed from my trousers the things l'm going to need the next day--keys, wallet, and handkerchief.After 60 years, my body weight feels wrong if I'm heading out of the house with an empty back pocket.
This rule of behavior, of course, did not apply to one's children in the late 20th century.When my three kids were growing up, they all let me know that my handkerchief was ridiculously old-fashioned.They had their arguments.If you have to be prepared every day for a cold, why not carry a little packet of tissues,which saves you from that disgusting(恶心的）business of blowing your nose in the thing and then stuffing it back in your trousers?
But a handkerchief is a lot more durable(耐用的)than tissue,creates no waste,and has a far wider variety of uses.One reason my kids saw that handkerchief so often is because of the large number of chocolate mouths and skinned knees that handkerchief wiped.Can you hold the handle of a boiling pot with a tissue? Now that ] am a grandfather of five, my handkerchief again has been put to use.When friends become grandfathers for the first time, I often send them a dozen handkerchiefs as a small gift.In fact, for Father's Day last year my wife gave me several new handkerchiefs.Neither of us can count the number of times she was in tears at a movie and said quietly, "Can I borrow your handkerchief?"

Passage Two
Ask any group of parents to describe their eighth graders(八年级学生）,and you'll get a surprising-and often contradictory-range of responses.Eighth graders are often quiet and shy, yet they're often loud and frank.They keep pushing you away,yet they're still deeply influenced by everything you say and do.They can make a perfectly reasonable argument as to why they should be allowed to date, yet they can't seen to understand your perfectly reasonable argument for why they should wait.They want to be individuals, yet they want desperately to fit in.
Welcome to the eighth grade! Your child is now a full-grown teenager, and she'll experience great physical,emotional,and intellectual(智力的)changes during this dramatic year.As she moves from childhood to adulthood(成年),she'll begin to look like a young woman,and she'll begin to struggle for the independence of adulthood, for which she's not quite ready yet.Your teenager will experience changes and feel emotions she won't always understand.As a result, she'll sometimes fee.a little lost or scared, and often very confused as she struggles to figure out who she is and who she wants to be.
That is where you come in.As much as your eighth grader may push you away, as much as you may feel she doesn't want you around，she does want you to be involved in her life.She needs you to know what's happening to her and around her, especially in school where she may face pressure to fit in and where she'll face a curriculum that challenges her developing reasoning skills.As the saying goes,"Little kids, little problems; big kids, big problems.' And your big kid will need you to help her work those problems out.

Passage Three
Many years ago, when I was working in a school in Buenos Aires, I was required to teach Macbeth to a class of Spanish-speaking schoolboys.I was a bit worried at being given such a task, because Shakespeare's language is not always easy, even for the native speaker.The language of Macbeth is particularly rich and strange to the modern reader.I myself had seen and read the play for the first time at an early age, and had been carried away by the story.So, I decided to concentrate first on the action and plot, and as far as possible let the language take care of itself.
I read the play to my students, scene by scene, taking the different parts myself.I did not let my pupils read it aloud for themselves, as I thought they lacked necessary experience and skill to benefit from this.At the end of each scene, I saw to it that everybody understood what had happened, and we briefly summarized this in writing.After this, I went through the scene again, explaining those language points that might prevent essential comprehension, and then I read the scene straight through once more.
This was not a very exciting approach.The pupils' participation was largely passive.I was in fact doing most of the work.However, when we had gone through about half of the play in this manner, I discovered to my great surprise that the class had taken the book home and finished it for themselves.Through my efforts, they had woken up to the idea that the story was exciting, and wanted to know how it turned out in the end.
We went ahead and finished the play, working more rapidly,and went on to discuss and read parts of the play again, focusing on the characters, plots, themes, etc.Without noticing it, we did a lot of practice in oral and written English.

Passage Four
In their recent book, " Wild hood," Harvard biologist Barbara Natterson-Horowitz and science journalist Kathryn Bowers point out that adolescent(青春期的)animals and human teenagers go through the same sorts of challenges.With little life experience, adolescent animals engage in dangerous but beneficial behaviors.For example, they watch, smell and learn about the animals that eat then ,gathering all kinds of information that can keep them safer as adults.Similarly, human teenagers try to have as many experiences as they can before they leave the nest.
Another key aspect of adolescents is the amount of time they spend in groups.This period is marked by peak levels of peer(同伴）pressure and near-disaster.Scientists have found that adolescents of all kinds tend to make dangerous moves while with peers.Laurence Steinberg, a psychology professor, setup two experiments.One involved mice, half of which were adolescents, drinking alcoholic water.In the other experiment, human teenagers played a driving video game.The results were surprisingly similar."We found that in the presence of peers, adolescent mice drank more than they do when they're alone," Steinberg said.The teenagers in the driving study also took more risks when others were around.Just knowing there were other teenagers watching appeared to make the one behind the wheel act more carelessly.These findings reveal another adolescent quality: the desire to socialize."For the most part, adolescents like to be with other adolescents," Steinberg said.
While writing the book, both Natterson-Horowitz and Bowers were raising a human teenager in their homes.Their desire to understand the wild was driven by wanting to understand their own children.

Passage Five
Americans like to be straightforward when it comes to getting to know someone.Their personal questions might seem offensive in some cultures.For example, "Where did you go to school?" might annoy an Englishman, because the answer reveals his social status.Here, it is simply an attempt to speed up the getting-to-know-you process.
While many Americans are very well-traveled, they're in the minority.Don't be offended if a comment about your country or culture seems insulting-it's usually just a lack of information, and a gentle correction will be well accepted.What if the conversation goes wrong to a topic that you find private, such as health or politics? Americans can't always take a subtle hint when they're being disturbing--a light-hearted comment and a change of subject will probably work.If you're from Europe,expect to hear how many famous ancestors of your country appear in their family tree.And if you're from Britain, that sudden odd way of speaking is probably an American's attempt to imitate your accent—it's meant to be joking.These days there is little in the United States that truly offends.As a universal rule, it is also wise to avoid talking about religion, money, and politics.
So, now that you know what to expect, how do you go about meeting one of those 315 million Americans? As we have seen, Americans are doers, joiners, and organizers.According to the old joke,if you put two British people on a desert island, they'll form a committee.Two Americans are more likely to set up a boat-building club, or a professional association for survivors.They can't resist talking to someone who shares their particular passion, so whatever your professional or leisure interest, find a group and get involved.

Clerk : Hello, welcome to North Park Hotel! __56__ ?
David: Hi, yes.__57__ .My assistant booked a room for me three days ago.
Clerk:__58__?
David: Sarah Gatesby.
Clerk: Ah, yes.She has booked a standard double room, non-smoking for David Black
David: Yes, that's me.
Clerk: __59__ ?
David: Sure.__60__
Clerk:Thank you