职称英语《理工类A》考前点题卷一

Computer Plug-in
1.Life on the Internet can be enriched if you don't restrict yourself to just written words and still pictures.Even if you are a newcomer to the Internet world,you've probably heard about multi-media on-line一listening to radio,watching animations and videos,even playing in three-dimensional space.Sound and movement make information come alive.
2.In order to experience that,some special pieces of software called plug-ins are necessary.The term"plug-in"refers to a small,add-on piece of software which extends the capabilities of your web browser,like Netscape Navigator or Microsoft Explorer,turning your computer into a radio or TV.
3.When you open a web page with a file requiring a plug-in which you don't have.you will usually receive a message asking if you want to get it by downloading it and installing it into your computer.Most of the time,the installation will be automatic.
4.Occasionally,you come across a downloaded file which needs to be decompressed or unzipped before installation.Once installed,plug-ins run automatically,without you having to do anything.
5.Many multimedia controls still need to be obtained from the developer but are installed automatically.
6.Shockwave is a typical example of it.All you need to do is go to the Macromedia site and click on the link to install the ActiveX control.The rest happens automatically.The next time you go to a"Shocked"website,the Shockwave control loads and plays the movie.
7.Most plug-ins and controls can be downloaded for free on the Internet,although not all will work with every system.Some of them,for instance,only work with Windows 95.

16

Paragraph 1_______

A.Life online can be colorful.
B.How plug-ins are installed.
C.Plug-ins should not be absent if you want to enjoy the Internet.
D.How Shockwave is installed and used.
E.No money is charged for the use of plug-ins.
F.The developer's permission is needed before you install a plug-in.

17

Paragraph 2_______

A.Life online can be colorful.
B.How plug-ins are installed.
C.Plug-ins should not be absent if you want to enjoy the Internet.
D.How Shockwave is installed and used.
E.No money is charged for the use of plug-ins.
F.The developer's permission is needed before you install a plug-in.

18

Paragraph 3_______

A.Life online can be colorful.
B.How plug-ins are installed.
C.Plug-ins should not be absent if you want to enjoy the Internet.
D.How Shockwave is installed and used.
E.No money is charged for the use of plug-ins.
F.The developer's permission is needed before you install a plug-in.

19

Paragranh 6_______

A.Life online can be colorful.
B.How plug-ins are installed.
C.Plug-ins should not be absent if you want to enjoy the Internet.
D.How Shockwave is installed and used.
E.No money is charged for the use of plug-ins.
F.The developer's permission is needed before you install a plug-in.

20

The term"plug-in" refers to a small,add-on piece of software which extends the_______of your web browser.

A.for free.
B.freely.
C.ability.
D.automatically.
E.Obtained.
F.capability.

21

Once installed,plug-ins run_______,without you having to do anything.

A.for free.
B.freely.
C.ability.
D.automatically.
E.Obtained.
F.capability.

22

Many multimedia controls still need to be_______from the developer but are installed automatically.

A.for free.
B.freely.
C.ability.
D.automatically.
E.Obtained.
F.capability.

23

Most plug-ins and controls can be downloaded_______on the Internet.

A.for free.
B.freely.
C.ability.
D.automatically.
E.Obtained.
F.capability.

参考答案 A

解析：1.本题考查的是对所读材料大意与主旨的掌握。第一段第一句提到："Life on the Internet can be enriched if you don't restrict yourself to just written words and still pictures."当你不再局限于敲打文字和浏览静止的图片时，你的网上生活会变得丰富多彩许多。所以主旨句选A网上的生活可以很丰富多彩。
2.本题考查的是对所读材料大意与主旨的掌握。第二段第一句提到：" In order to experience that , some special piece of software called plug-ins are necessary.”要体验这些功能，那些被叫作“插件”的特殊软件就必不可少了。所以选C如果你要享受因特网，插件不可或缺。
3.本题考查的是对所读材料大意与主旨的掌握。第三段主要介绍了插件安装的流程，所以选B插件是如何安装的。
4.本题考查的是对所读材料大意与主旨的掌握。第六段是对第五段内容的范例解释，以Shockwave插件的安装为例，所以选D Shockwave插件如何安装和使用。
5.本题考查的是对文章阐述的事实与细节的了解。题目是：术语“插件”指的是一个附加的小软件，它能够扩展你的网络浏览器的______。选择F的依据是第二段第二句：" The term plug-in refers to a small , add-on piece of software which extend the capabilities of your web browser…”术语“插件”指的是一个附加的小软件，它能够扩展你的网络浏览器的性能……所以选F性能。
6.本题考查的是对文章阐述的事实与细节的了解。题目是：插件一旦安装，就______运行，无须做任何事。依据是：本文在第四段的最后一句提到“Once installed, plug-ins run automatically , without you having to do anything.”一旦安装完毕，插件就会自动运行，无须你做任何事。所以选D自动地。
7.本题考查的是对文章阐述的事实与细节的了解。题目是：许多多媒体的控制程序仍需从开发商处______，不过都是自动安装的。选E的依据第五段：" Many multi-media controls still need to be obtained from the developer but are installed automatically.”许多多媒体的控制程序仍需从开发商处索取，不过都是自动安装的。所以选E获取。
8.本题考查的是对文章阐述的事实与细节的了解。题目是：大多数插件和控制程序可以从因特网上______下载。依据是第七段第一句：" Most plug-ins and controls can be downloaded for free on the Internet..”大多数插件和控制程序可以从因特网上免费下载……所以选A免费。

第二篇
Depression
Although the stigma（耻辱）once associated with mental illness has gradually gone away in recent years,most of the Americans who have clinical depression still don't get treated for it partly because many are too embarrassed to go to a psychologist.In fact,the majority of depressed people who seek professional help turn first not to a psychologist but to their primary care physician.
But do regular doctors really know how to identify depression?A large new scientific review suggests they don't.In a review of 41 previous studies,the authors found that general practitioners make frequent mistakes,missing true cases of depression about half the time and incorrectly diagnosing it in 19%of healthy people.
Alex Mitchell,Amol Vaze and Sanjay Rao of Leicester General Hospital in the U.K.estimate that about 1 in 5 people in developed nations will experience depression in their lifetime.That means that among a general patient population of 100,about 20 will develop the condition,but the typical doctor will find it in only 10 of those who have it.And among the 80 healthy people,the doctor will incorrectly identify depression in 15.
This is significant because depression can make the patient and his or her family weak.Depression also carries an enormous social burden,leading to missed work days,loss of productivity and increases in health-care spending.Further,those misdiagnosed with depression may end up being prescribed medicine that not only costs a lot but can have serious side effects.
The various studies that Mitchell,Vaze and Rao reviewed used different methods to verify whether doctors had missed depression in their patients.Virtually all the studies pointed to the same conclusion:general physicians aren't very good at recognizing the most common mental illness in the world.
Why?One reason is that the typical doctor visit is quite short,usually no longer than 15 minutes.It's hard for patients to open up about their symptoms during that brief period.Doctors should spend more time or schedule follow-up appointments with patients they suspect have depression, which would dramatically increase the rate of accurate diagnoses.

24

Most depressed people refuse to see a psychologist partly because________.

A.they are frightened of going to a psychologist
B.they have trust in their primary-care physicians
C.they think the illness is not that serious
D.they relate embarrassment to seeing a psychologist

25

In a new scientific review,the researchers found that________.

A.psychologists often miss the true case of depression
B.general physicians often make wrong judgment of depression
C.most people will experience depression in their lifetime
D.primary care physicians are not qualified doctors

26

Those who"will develop the condition"(Line 3,Para.3)refer to________.

A.patients who will be misdiagnosed as depression
B.patients who will survive depression
C.patients who will suffer from depression
D.patients who receive correct diagnose

27

According to the passage,depression can result in________.

A.worse family relationship
B.refusal by the society
C.large medical expense
D.serious side effects

28

Why do general physicians often fail to recognize depression?

A.The diagnoses are made too hastily.
B.General physicians don't treat their patients seriously.
C.Patients are reluctant to tell their symptoms.
D.General physicians are not patient enough.

参考答案 A

解析：1.本题是细节考查题。题干是：大多数抑郁症患者拒绝看心理医生，部分原因是什么？选D的依据是第一段第一句话："…most of the Americans who have clinical depression still don't get treated for it partly because many are too embarrassed to go to a psychologist.”但大多数有临床抑郁症的美国人仍然没有得到医治，部分原因是他们对此觉得很尴尬所以不愿去看心理医生。选项D的意思是他们将看心理医生与尴尬的感受联系在一起，与原文相符。
2.本题是细节考查题。题干是：一篇新的科学研究报告中，研究者发现了什么？选B的依据是第二段第三句和第四句：" In a review of 41 previous studies , the authors……in 19% of healthy people.”在这份研究报告里，作者回顾了以往41项研究，发现普通的家庭医生经常出错，有半数真正患抑郁症的人他们判断不出来，却将19％的健康者误诊为抑郁症患者。选项B的意思是普通内科医生时常做出错的抑郁症诊断，与原文相符。
3.本题是细节考查题。题干是：第三段第三行的“will develop the condition" 意思是什么？选C的依据是第三段第一句：" Alex Mitchell , Amol Vaze and Sanjay Rao of Leicester General Hospital in the UK estimate that about 1 in 5 people in developed nations will experience depression in their lifetime.”来自英国斯特综合医院的艾力克斯·米契尔、阿莫尔·维兹与桑杰·饶估计在发达国家，大约每5个人当中就有1个人在其一生中会出现抑郁症状。题干中的condition就是指本句的抑郁症状，而develop the condition指的是患上抑郁症，选项C 的意思是病人受抑郁症的折磨，与原文相符。
4.本题是细节考查题。题干是：根据这篇文章，抑郁症可导致什么情况？选 C的依据是第四段第二句和第三句：" Depression also carries an enormous social burden , leading to missed work days,loss of productivity and increases in health-care spending.Further,those misdiagnosed with depression may end up being prescribed medicine that not only costs a lot but can have serious side effects.”抑郁症也会给社会带来巨大负担，导致人们无法上班，生产力下降以及医疗支出增加。此外，被误诊为抑郁症可能最终被开一些药，不仅花很多钱，而且可能有很严重的副作用。选项C的意思是大笔的医疗费，与原文相符。
5.本题是细节推理题。题干是：为什么普通内科医生不能诊断出抑郁症？选A的依据是最后一段第二句：" It's hard for patients to open up about their symptoms during that brief period.”这么短的时间内，病人很难讲述他们的症状。选项A的意思是医生的诊断做得太匆忙了，与原文相符。

第一篇
Can Gene Technology Make Human Smarter?
Almost everyone wants to get smarter.To achieve that,some choose to do exercise,others choose to take in more nutritions good for brains.Princeton neurobiologist Joseph Z.Tsien possibly found a different way to make it.In September he announced that he'd built a better mouse by altering a gene that affects learning and memory.A similar process of gene manipulation might conceivably be used one day to boost intelligence in humans.
The key of this technology lies in a feature of brain cells called the NMDA receptor,which Tsien likens to a cylindrical tube or window that mediates the flow of information.When the window is open,chemicals called neurotransmitters flow through easily and memory is registered and stored.But as organisms mature,the window begins to close.(This may explain why children lose their facility for learning new languages when they reach sexual maturity and why some people suffer memory loss as they age.)
Tsien also found out that the receptor worked more efficiently if it is teamed with the gene NR2B,so he introduced extra NR2B genes into a batch of fertilized mouse eggs.In a normal mouse,the memory window is open for just 150-thousandths of a second.In Tsien's specially engineered mice,the window opens for 250-thousandths of a second,long enough to make a remarkable difference in memory retention.When he pitted his mice against common mice,they won paws down.Ordinary mice could recognize a Lego block for 12 hours,but smart mice could remember the block for up to three days."That's a profound enhancement,"Tsien says.
Can this technology be applied to humans?Maybe,but genetic engineering will have to make some extraordinary advances first.And some thorny ethical issues will have to be resolved.Mean-while,Tsien promises to keep his furry little geniuses locked up in a lab,far from your larder."Otherwise,"he says,"you might need a smart cat or a smart mousetrap to catch them."

29

According to the passage,what special method did Tsien find to make a smarter mouse?

A.By controlling the flow of information.
B.By making some change in a gene that affects learning and memory.
C.By pitting his mice against common mice.
D.By keeping a genetically modified cat.

30

The most important part of the technology is_______.

A.genetic engineering
B.memory retention
C.extra NR2B genes
D.a feature of brain cells called the NMDA receptor

31

Why do some old people are likely to lose their memory?

A.As one's organism mature,the window for memory is likely to close.
B.There is not enough nutrition in their brains.
C.They have remembered too much inftrmation.
D.The cells in their brains are getting too old to store much information.

32

What did Tsiens refer to by saying"That's a profound enhancement"?(Line 7,Para.3)

A.His smart mice can remember much longer than the ordinary ones.
B.People reach sexual maturity.
C.Tsien found a different way to enhance memory.
D.Tsien applied this technology to human.

33

What problems must be solves before this technology is applied to human?

A.Gene must be conceivably manipulated.
B.Genetic engineering will have to make some extraordinary advances first and some thorny ethical issues will have to be resolved.
C.NMDA receptor is teamed with the gene NR2B.
D.The smart nice must be locked up in a lab.

参考答案 B

解析：1.本题是细节考查题。题干是：根据这篇文章，Tsien发现的培养更聪明老鼠的特另，l方法是什么？第一段第四句提到："In September he announced that he'd built a better mouse by altering a gene that affects learning and memory.”他于9月宣布，通过改变影响学习和记忆能力的基因培养出了一只聪明的老鼠。选项B，通过改动能影响学习和记忆的基因的方法，与原文意思相符，所以选B。
2.本题是细节考查题。题干是：这项技术最重要的部分是______。在原文第二段第一句提到："The key of this technology lies in a feature of brain cells called the NMDA receptor”该技术的关健就在于名为N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体的脑细胞的特点。选项D，名为 N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体的脑细胞的特点，与原文意思相符，所以选D。
3.本题是细节考查题。题干是：为什么一些老人容易失忆？选A的依据是第二段的最后两句："But as organisms mature, the window begins to close.This may explain..why some people suffer memory loss as they age.”然而，当器官成熟时，这扇窗口就开始关闭。这也能解释……为何某些人年老时会患失忆。选项A，当人的器官成熟，记忆之窗就很可能关闭。
4.本题是细节推理题。题干是：当Tsien提到“这可是一个意义深远的进步”时，所指的是什么？选择A的依据是第三段的第四和第五句："When he pitted his mice against common mice,they won paws down .Ordinary mice could recognize a Lego block for 12 hours, but smart mice could remember the block for up to three days.”当他让自己的老鼠与普通老鼠互斗时，它们竟能轻而易举地取胜。普通老鼠能够保留关于Lego block的记忆12小时，而聪明的老鼠居然能将记忆保持三天。选项A，他的聪明老鼠比普通老鼠记忆时间更长，概括说明了信息句的意思，所以选A。
5.本题考查概括能力。题干是：在这项技术应于人类之前，必须解决哪些问题？选B的依据是全文最后一段的第二、三句："Maybe, but genetic engineering will have to make some extraordinary advances first.And some thorny ethical issues will have to be resolved." 或许可以，但前提是基因工程得首先做出非凡的进步，还必须解决一系列棘手的伦理问题。所以选项B，基因工程做出非凡进步，一系列棘手的伦理问题得以解决，是正确答案。

第二篇
Explorer of the Extreme Deep
Oceans cover more than two-thirds of our planet.Yet,just a small fraction of the underwater world has been explored.Now,Scientists at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution(WHOI)in Massachusetts are building an underwater vehicle that will carry explorers as deep as 6,500 meters (21,325.5 feet).The new machine,known as a manned submersible or human-operated vehicle (HOV),will replace another one named Alvin which has an amazing record of discovery,playing a key role in various important and famous undersea expeditions.Alvin has been operating for 40 years but can go down only 4,500 meters(14,763.8 feet).It's about time for an upgrade,WHOI researchers say.
Alvin was launched in 1964.Since then,Alvin has worked between 200 and 250 days a year, says Daniel Fornari,a marine geologist and director of the Deep Ocean Exploration Institute at WHOI.During its lifetime,Alvin has carried some 12,000 people on a total of more than 3,000 dives.A newer,better versions of Alvin is bound to reveal even more surprises about a world that is still full of mysteries,Fornari says.It might also make the job of exploration a little easier."We take so much for granted on land."Fornari says."We can walk around and see with our eyes how big things are.We can see colors,special arrangements."
Size-wise,the new HOV will be similar to Alvin.It'll be about 37 feet long.The setting area inside will be a small sphere,about 8 feet wide,like Alvin.It'll carry a pilot and two passengers.It will be just as maneuverable.In most other ways,it will give passengers more opportunities to enjoy the view,for one thing.Alvin has only three windows,the new vehicle will have five,with more overlap so that the passengers and the pilot can see the same thing.
Alvin can go up and down at a rate of 30 meters every second,and its maximum speed is 2 knots(about 2.3 miles per hour),while the new vehicle will be able to ascend and descend at 44 meters per second.It'll reach speeds of 3 knots,or 3.5 miles per hour.

34

What is Alvin?

A.A research institute.
B.A transporting vehicle.
C.A submersible.
D.A scientist.

35

Which of the following statements is NOT a fact about Alvin?

A.It can carry explorers as deep as 6,500 meters.
B.It has played a key role in various important undersea expeditions.
C.It was launched in the sixties of the twentieth century.
D.It has been used for more than 40 years.

36

“…a world that is still full of mysteries"refers to_______.

A.the earth
B.out space
C.the ocean
D.Mars

37

In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin similar?

A.Size.
B.Speed.
C.Shape.
D.Both A and C.

38

In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin different?

A.Offering better views.
B.Speed.
C.Size.
D.Both A and B.

The World's Longest Bridge
Rumor has it that a legendary six-headed monster lurks in the deep waters of the Tyrrhenian Sea between Italy and the island of Sicily._______(46)When completed in 2010,the world's longest bridge will weigh nearly 300,000 tons一equivalent to the iceberg that sank the Titanic一and stretch 5 kilometers long."That's nearly 50 percent longer than any other bridge ever built."says structural engineer Shane Rixon.
_______(47)They're suspension bridges,massive structures built to span vast water channels or gorges.A suspension bridge needs just two towers to shoulder the structure's mammoth weight, thanks to hefty supporting cables slung between the towers and anchored firmly in deep pools of cement at each end of the bridge.The Messina Strait Bridge will have two 54,100-ton towers,which will support most of the bridge's load.The beefy cables of the bridge,each 1.2 meter in diameter, will hold up the longest and widest bridge deck ever built.
When construction begins on the Messina Strait Bridge in 2005,the first job will be to erect two 370 meter-tall steel towers._______(48)Getting these cables up will be something.It's not just their length一totally 5.3 kilometers一but their weight._______(49)
After lowering vertical"suspender"cables from the main cables,builders will erect a 60- meter一wide 54,630一ton steel roadway,or deck一wide enough to accommodate 12 lanes of traffic.The deck's weight will pull down on the cables with a force of 70,500 tons.In return,the cables yank up against their firmly rooted anchors with a force of 139,000 tons一equivalent to the weight of about 100,000 cars.Those anchors are essential._______(50)

39

_______（46）

A.Some environmentalists are against the project on biological grounds.
B.What do the world's longest bridges have in common?
C.If true ,one day you might spy the beast while zipping（呼啸而过）across the Messina Strait Bridge.
D.They're what will keep the bridge from going anywhere.
E.The second job will be to pull two sets of steel cables across the strait,each set being a bundle of 44,352 individual steel wires.
F.They will tip up the scales at 166,500 tons一more than half the bridge's total mass.

40

_______（47）

A.Some environmentalists are against the project on biological grounds.
B.What do the world's longest bridges have in common?
C.If true ,one day you might spy the beast while zipping（呼啸而过）across the Messina Strait Bridge.
D.They're what will keep the bridge from going anywhere.
E.The second job will be to pull two sets of steel cables across the strait,each set being a bundle of 44,352 individual steel wires.
F.They will tip up the scales at 166,500 tons一more than half the bridge's total mass.

41

_______（48）

A.Some environmentalists are against the project on biological grounds.
B.What do the world's longest bridges have in common?
C.If true ,one day you might spy the beast while zipping（呼啸而过）across the Messina Strait Bridge.
D.They're what will keep the bridge from going anywhere.
E.The second job will be to pull two sets of steel cables across the strait,each set being a bundle of 44,352 individual steel wires.
F.They will tip up the scales at 166,500 tons一more than half the bridge's total mass.

42

_______（49）

A.Some environmentalists are against the project on biological grounds.
B.What do the world's longest bridges have in common?
C.If true ,one day you might spy the beast while zipping（呼啸而过）across the Messina Strait Bridge.
D.They're what will keep the bridge from going anywhere.
E.The second job will be to pull two sets of steel cables across the strait,each set being a bundle of 44,352 individual steel wires.
F.They will tip up the scales at 166,500 tons一more than half the bridge's total mass.

43

_______（50）

A.Some environmentalists are against the project on biological grounds.
B.What do the world's longest bridges have in common?
C.If true ,one day you might spy the beast while zipping（呼啸而过）across the Messina Strait Bridge.
D.They're what will keep the bridge from going anywhere.
E.The second job will be to pull two sets of steel cables across the strait,each set being a bundle of 44,352 individual steel wires.
F.They will tip up the scales at 166,500 tons一more than half the bridge's total mass.

参考答案 D

解析：1.本空前文提到：传说，在意大利和西西里岛间的第勒尼安海的深处，潜伏着一头神奇的六头怪兽。选项C中有一个关键词beast，与第一句的monster相呼应。由此可以判断出与之匹配的选项是C：如果这是真的，有一天你可能在飞驶过墨西拿海峡桥时窥视到这头怪兽。所以选项C是正确答案。
2.本空前文提到：这座桥桥长约5 000米，桥的结构工程师雪恩?里克森说：“它比有史以来最长的桥还长出约50%。”而后文的话题有所转移：它们都是吊桥，有着巨大的构架，横跨航道或峡谷间的巨大水域。这说明本空的内容应该起到一个很好的衔接上下文的作用，尤其要包含将本文主要讲的桥和其他桥进行比较的内容，由此可以判断出与之匹配的选项是B：那么，世界上最长的这些桥之间有什么共同点呢？所以选项B是正确答案。
3.本空前文提到：墨西拿海峡桥的建造开始于2005年，那时要做的第一项工作是竖立起两座370米高的铁塔。本空后文又提到：把这些钢缆举起来很不容易。该空后所提的这些钢缆应该出现在所填句中并且顺承上文。由此可以判断出与之匹配的选项是E: 第二项工作将是在海峡两端拉起两套钢索，每一套绳索由44 352根单独的钢缆组成。所以选项E是正确答案。
4.本空前文提到：这不仅仅体现在钢缆很长（共有5 300米），而且也体现在它们的重量。空前一句的重点落在重量这个概念上，所以下一句应该围绕桥的重量展开说明。由此可以判断出与之匹配的选项是F：它们将重达166 500吨，这个重量已超过了桥总重量的一半。所以选项F是正确答案。
5.在做本题前，挑出剩下的两个选项A和D。本空前文提到：这些固定物是很必要的。由于选项A将话题转向环保主义者，而文章结尾句一般不提出新话题，加之通过内容判断，选项D中的they应该指的是上一句的固定物，上一句说的是其重要性，下一句说其功能，是对上一句观点的支持。所以选项D是正确答案。

The Impact of Antarctic Ozone Hole
The Antarctic ozone（臭氧）hole is changing weather patterns across the Southern Hemisphere （半球）,even affecting the tropics,scientists have concluded.The scientists______(51)the new study added the ozone hole into standard climate models to_______(52)how it might have affected winds and rains.They say rainfall has moved further south towards the pole and the effect has been_______(53)strong over Australia.
And of_______(54)interest was the southward of the Southern Hemisphere jet stream.These high一altitude winds are_______(55)to determining weather patterns,in both hemispheres.Much of the cold weather felt in the UK_______(56)the last couple of winters,for example,was caused by blocking of the Northern Hemisphere stream.
The team found that overall,the ozone hole has_______(57)in rainfall moving south along with the winds._______(58)there are regional differences,particularly concerning Australia.In terms of the average for that zone,the ozone hole_______(59)about a 10% change一but for Australia,it's about 35%.
Their modeling indicated that global warming_______(60)greenhouse gas emissions is also a factor in changing rainfall patterns.
Natural climate cycles are also thought to be important here,as different rainfall patterns were _______(61)in the era before ozone depletion（消耗）and late 20th Century warming.
Although the_______(62)international organization has significantly checked emissions of harmful substances,they_______(63)for decades in the atmosphere,and so their effects are still being felt.Earlier,and international organization forecast that even the Antarctic ozone hole一which is more severe than its_______(64)in the Northern Hemisphere一should be_______(65)by 2045—2060.

44

_________(51)

A.before
B.behind
C.above
D.under

45

_________(52)

A.inspect
B.scan
C.investigate
D.supervise

46

_________(53)

A.remarkably
B.preferably
C.indispensably
D.plausibly

47

_________(54)

A.particular
B.special
C.especial
D.specific

48

_________(55)

A.beneficial
B.key
C.necessary
D.vital

49

_________(56)

A.around
B.along
C.over
D.across

50

_________(57)

A.resulted
B.drawn
C.brought
D.drop

51

_________(58)

A.So
B.But
C.Since
D.And

52

_________(59)

A.drives
B.attracts
C.motivates
D.includes

53

_________(60)

A.due to
B.along with
C.as for
D.instead of

54

_________(61)

A.predicted
B.noted
C.occurred
D.descended

55

_________(62)

A.popular
B.controversial
C.distinctive
D.corresponding

56

_________(63)

A.flash
B.fluctuate
C.suffer
D.endure

57

_________(64)

A.illusion
B.image
C.equivalent
D.extension

58

_________(65)

A.repeated
B.reproduced
C.replaced
D.repaired

参考答案 D

解析：1.本题考查对上下文的理解。本空所在句中，科学家和研究应该是动宾关系，但这里又不需要一个句子的结构，而需要名词结构作本句的主语，指“从事参与研究的科学家”。因此需要一个介词，既能表达参与的意思，又能确保这个短语为名词短语。只有behind符合，behind在此处意思是“在……背后，为……负责”。因此本题的正确选项应该是B。
2.本题考查对上下文的理解和对动词的辫析。这句话的意思是：参与此项新研究的科学家们把臭氧层加入标准化气候模型，以研究其如何影响风和雨的格局。本空前是to，后是how，根据上下文可以推断，这里是用不定式表达科学家所做的事情的目的，所以正确答案是选项C investigate调查。其他选项的意思分别是：选项A inspect监视；选项B scan扫描；选项D supervise监管。
3.本题考查对上下文的理解和对副词的辨析。这句话的意思是：科学家称降雨已向南极进一步移动，对澳大利亚的影响尤为强烈。这篇文章主要是关于南极臭氧层空洞的影响，作者提到具体影响的地点就应该是强调其影响之大，所以正确答案是选项A remarkably非常地。其他选项的意思分别是：选项B preferably更可取地、更好地；选项C indispensably不可缺少地、绝对必要地；选项D plausibly似真地。
4.本题考查对上下文的理解和介词短语固定搭配。这句话的意思是：科学家们尤为感兴趣的是南半球急流的南移。选A的依据是第一段最后一句：科学家称降雨已向南极进一步移动，所以第二段第一句所讲的interest应该是指科学家的兴趣，而此句后文证明本段讲的是科学家研究的更具体的内容，即南极臭氧空洞对于南半球急流的影响。空前是介词of，空后是名词interest, of particular interest的意思是尤其使人感兴趣的，符合上下文的需要，选项A particular特别的，是正确答案。其他选项的意思分别是：选项B special特别的，但不适用于of…interest这一短语；选项C especial特别的，但也不能和of以及interest组成固定搭配；选项D specific具体的。
5.本题考查对上下文的理解和形容词短语。这句话的意思是：这些高空风是决定南北半球气候模式的关键。选B的依据是本空的前面提到了风，后面提到了气候模式，常识告诉我们风影响甚至决定气候模式；又由于本空前是系动词are，本空后to后面跟的是动名词determining，而只有选项B key关键，能和前后词构成符合上下文需要的短语be key to是……的关键。所以选项B是正确答案。其他选项与to搭配后的意思分别是：选项A be beneficial to对……有益；选项C be necessary to对……而言必要；选项D be vital to对……至关重要。而这三个形容词后面的to都是不定式标志，其后要跟动词原形。
6.本题考查对上下文的理解和介词辫析。空后提到：the last couple of winters过去的几个冬天，是表示时间的名词短语。四个选项中，只有选项C能表示在……期间，所以选项C是正确答案。其他选项的意思分别是：选项A around大约（在）；选项B along沿着；选项D across横跨。这三个选项不和时间连用，或者不强调时间跨度，不符合上下文需要。
7.本题考查对上下文的理解和动词辫析。这句话的意思是：这个研究团队发现，臭氧层空洞总体上导致了降雨随风向南移动。文章主题是臭氧层空洞会改变气候，而 rainfall属于气候范畴，由此可判断此处具体讲臭氧层空洞对降雨的影响。result in导致，符合上下文要求，所以选项A resulted是正确答案。其他选项与in搭配的动词原形意思分别是：选项B draw in到达、变短；选项C bring in产生；选项D drop in顺便拜访。
8.本题考查对上下文的理解和语义逻辑。这句话的意思是：但是存在着地区差异，尤其在澳大利亚上空。上一句讲整体上的（overall）情况而本句说到“有地区差异 ( regional differences)"，两句为转折关系，选项B But的意思是但是，所以选项B是正确答案。
9.本题考查对上下文的理解和动词辫析。该句是上一句的例证，上一句说臭氧层空洞对降雨的影响有地区差异，所以此处是要表示“影响”的词，符合的只有选项A drive change推动变化，且文章主题（臭氧层空洞会改变气候模式）也是提示。所以选项A是正确答案。选项B attract吸引；选项C motivate激发、诱发；选项D include包括。
10.本题考查对上下文的理解和介词短语辫析。这句话的意思是：他们的模型表明，由温室气体排放所导致的全球变暖也是改变降雨格局的一个因素。greenhouse gas emissions"温室气体排放”是导致global warming“全球变暖”的原因，选项A due to的意思是由于，所以A是正确答案。其他选项的意思是：选项B along with和……一道；选项C as for至于；选项D instead of而不是。
11.本题考查对上下文的理解。这句话的意思是：自然气候周期也是一个很重要的因素，因为在臭氧消耗和20世纪末期全球变暖之前就发现有不同的降雨格局。选B的依据是：此处是被动句，表示“不同的降雨格局在……之前已经被‘留意到、观察到”,，因此选项B noted符合文意。此处为过去的客观事实，因此选项A predicted“预言、预测”不符合；选项 C occured“发生、出现、存在”语义符合，但它一般直接用主动语态；选项D descend“下降、下来”不符合题意。所以选项B是正确答案。
12.本题考查对上下文的理解和形容词辫析。这句话的意思是：虽然相关国际组织已经明显控制了有害气体的排放量，但这些有害气体还会在大气中留存几十年，因此它们的影响仍然存在。此处需修饰international organization的词，只有选项D corresponding相应的，符合题意，表示“相应的国际组织”。所以选项D是正确答案。其他选项的意思是：选项A popular流行的；选项B controversial有争议的；选项C distinctive独特的。
13.本题考查对上下文的理解和动词辫析。选D的依据是：本空后的so表明该句是下句的原因，下句说有害气体的影响还存在，由此可推断这些物质几十年来还留存在大气中，所以选项D endure是正确答案。其他选项的意思分别是：选项A flash闪烁；选项B fluctuate波动；选项C suffer遭受、遭殃。
14.本题考查对上下文的理解和名词辫析。本句的意思是：早前，一个国际机构预测：比北极臭氧层空洞更严重的南极臭氧层空洞将在2045年到2060年得到修复。more than说明是比较，此处把Antarctic ozone hole与在Northern Hemisphere的同类事物作比较，南北极的臭氧空洞属于对等物，所以选项C equivalent对等物、相等物是正确答案。其他选项的意思分别是：选项A illusion幻觉、错觉；选项B image形象；选项D extension延长部分。
15.本题考查对上下文的理解和动词辫析。选择D的依据是：此空所填动词的宾语是the Antarctic ozone hole“南极臭氧层空洞”，可以接此宾语的只有选项D repaired修复。选项A repeated重复；选项B reproduced繁殖、复制；选项C replaced代替。

These Foods Help Improve Your Memory
Though sleeping is the best way to enhance your memory,the foods in your diet also play a role in how your memory works.People care their diets in terms of whether it helps them build muscle or lose fat,but they neglect to think of how food can improve memory.
In addition to eating memory foods,right meal amount plays an important role in how well your memory functions.Too little food will cause you to be distracted by hunger,while too much of it will make you sleepy.Incorporating the right memory foods and proper portion sizes will give you maximum results.
Here are some of the memory foods that you should incorporate into your diet to reap the benefits of memory enhancement.
Salmon
As far as the protein is concerned,one of the best sources is salmon,for it is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids,which are essential for brain function and development.Studies have suggested that supplementing with DHA,which is found in fish oil,is beneficial for the development and maintenance of memory performance.
Sunflower seeds
Nuts have been regarded as a great way to get healthy fats into your diet,but many people forget that seeds fall into this category too.Sunflower seeds are a rich source of vitamin E,with one ounce providing 30%of your total daily intake.Vitamin E is one of the primary antioxidants that helps decrease the decline of memory as you get old,making it one nutrient you'll want to be sure to consume.
Other sources of vitamin E include wheat germ oil,dry almond,safflower oil,hazelnut,peanut butter, spinach, broccoli, kiwi, and mango.
Blueberries
While all berries provide a number of health-related benefits,blueberries in particular area memory-boosting powerhouse.They are considered a memo汀food because they contain a phytochemical that is especially important in reversing the age-related decline of memory，while having a positive influence on spatial working memory．
Besides,blueberries rank low on the glycemic（血糖）index scale,making them a good fruit choice if you are trying to control your blood sugar level.
Lean beef
Including appropriate amount of lean beef in your diet is beneficial in enhancing your memory because of its iron content.While most men get enough iron in their diet,those who are on a strict diet and are sticking mostly to chicken,egg whites and fish as sources of protein may be running a bit low.
Iron deficiency can have a significant effect on brain function and impair learning abilities, eventually putting you at an increased risk for developing Alzheimer's disease.So,be sure you aren't cutting out good sources of iron from your diet一even if you,re striving for maximum fat loss.

59

People generally pay attention to whether food helps them build muscle or lose fat.

A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned

60

Supplementing with DHA in sunflower seeds is good for the development and maintenance of memory performance.

A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned

61

Vitamin E is beneficial for reducing the decline of memory as you age.

A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned

62

Blueberry is a good fruit choice for people to control blood sugar level.

A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned

63

Most men are on a strict diet.

A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned

64

Alzheimer's disease is the disease that makes people have poor memory when they get old.

A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned

65

If you're striving for maximum fat loss,you'd better cut out good sources of iron from your diet.

A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned

参考答案 B

解析：1.本题给出的信息是正确的。依据是文章第一段第二句：" People care their diets in terms of whether it helps them build muscle or lose fat,but they neglect to think of how food can improve memory.”许多人注意他们的饮食，主要是关注它是否会帮助他们锻炼肌肉或减肥，但他们疏于考虑食物是如何能改善记忆的。所以选A。
2.本题给出的信息是错误的。依据是文章第四段最后一句："Studies have suggested that supplementing with DHA,which is found in fish oil,is beneficial for the development and maintenance of memory performance.”研究表明，对在鱼油中发现的DHA的补充，有利于发展和维持记忆功能。所以选B。
3.本题给出的信息是正确的。本题考查考生的概括能力。依据是文章在第五段第三句："Vitamin E is one of the primary antioxidants that helps decrease the decline of memory as you get old…”维生素E是一种主要的杭氧化剂，可以帮助减少你在变老时记忆的衰退……这与本题所描述的：当你老的时候，维生素E有助于减少记忆力下降的现象。这恰是对原文句子的复现。所以选A。
4.本题给出的信息是正确的。依据是文章第八段："Besides, blueberriesrank low on the glycemic（血糖）index scale,making them a good fruit choice if you are trying to control your blood sugar level.”此外，在血糖生成指数表中蓝毒排名靠后，这使之成为控制血糖水平的一个良好的水果选择。这与本题所描述的“蓝毒是人们控制血糖水平的较好的水果的选择”相一致。所以选A。
5.本题给出的信息是错误的。依据是第九段第二句："While most men get enough iron in their diet,those who are on a strict diet and are sticking mostly to chicken,egg whites and fish as sources of protein may be running a bit low.”虽然大多数人在饮食中已获得足够的铁质，但那些严格节食的人和坚持吃鸡肉、蛋白和鱼类作为蛋白质主要来源的人铁质获取量有点儿低。"while”一词表明对比，说明到本题所说的“大部分人都在严格节食”是错误的，所以选B。
6.本题没有给出这样的信息。
7.本题给出的信息是错误的。依据是文章最后一段："Iron deficiency can have a significant effect on brain function and impair learning abilities,eventually putting you at an increased risk for developing Alzheimer's disease.So,be sure you aren't cutting out good sources of iron from your diet一even if you're striving for maximum fat loss.”缺铁可以产生重大影响，损害大脑功能和学习能力，最终增加发展成老年痴呆的风险。所以，要确保你没有把含铁较高的食物从你的食谱中撤掉―即使你一直在致力于最大限度地减轻体重。这与题目所描述的“如果你想尽量多地减肥，把含铁较高的食物从你的食谱中撤掉”相悖，所以选B。

职称英语《理工类A》考前点题卷一

一、单选题

二、共享题干题

职称英语《理工类A》考前点题卷一

一、单选题

二、共享题干题

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